This research presents numerical modeling of the spray process using the Euler-Eulerian multi-fluid approach where the standard WAVE secondary breakup model was improved and validated. The standard WAVE model tends to overestimate the creation of smaller diameter droplets in the Eulerian multi-fluid framework, which reflects as an inaccurate droplet distribution. Improvements include an introduction of probability distributions and a breakup factor into the secondary atomization model. They distribute calculated mass transfer into a number of Eulerian classes, thus alleviating the excessive creation of small diameter droplets. The model is validated by simulating the injection of high-pressured liquid fuel into the cold, non-reactive surrounding. The results are compared with experimentally obtained data of spray characteristics including spray tip penetration, spray angle, Sauter mean diameter, as well as droplet number and volume distributions. The modified model describes the spray breakup process in the Euler-Eulerian multiphase approach better than the original one.

这项研究提出了使用Euler-Eulerian多流体方法对喷涂过程进行数值模拟的方法，其中改进并验证了标准WAVE二次破碎模型。标准的WAVE模型倾向于高估欧拉多流体框架中较小直径的液滴的产生，这反映为液滴分布不准确。改进包括在二次雾化模型中引入了概率分布和分解因子。他们将计算得出的质量转移分布到许多欧拉类别中，从而减轻了小直径液滴的过度产生。通过模拟将高压液体燃料喷射到冷的，无反应的环境中来验证该模型。将该结果与通过实验获得的喷雾特性数据进行比较，这些数据包括喷雾嘴的针入度，喷雾角度，Sauter平均直径以及液滴数量和体积分布。修改后的模型比原来的模型更好地描述了Euler-Eulerian多相方法中的喷雾破裂过程。