Immersed boundary methods (IBMs) are an interesting alternative to the usual body-fitted mesh approach when dealing with complex geometries as they allow simpler mesh generation. The volume penalization method (an IBM) is commonly used for incompressible and compressible viscous flows but only one application to compressible inviscid flows can be found, which uses the characteristic-based volume penalization (CBVP) method. This approach penalizes the Euler equations to enforce a no-penetration velocity and an adiabatic wall while accounting for wall curvature. A new penalization method based on the CBVP is proposed to impose the conservation of entropy and total enthalpy in the normal direction to the wall instead of the classical adiabatic condition. The two approaches are compared and numerically tested on several cases: weakly compressible flow around a circular cylinder, subsonic flow around a NACA0012 airfoil and flow around a challenging high curvature ice horn. The new method is found to be more accurate than the CBVP on coarser meshes and better at retrieving attached flows for curved geometries. The paper concludes that the proposed method is suitable for general aerospace applications and beneficial for icing simulations which can exhibit highly curved geometries.

当处理复杂的几何图形时，浸入边界方法（IBM）是通常的人体贴合网格方法的一种有趣替代方法，因为它们可以简化网格的生成。体积罚分法（IBM）通常用于不可压缩和可压缩的粘性流，但是只能找到针对可压缩无粘性流的一种应用程序，它使用基于特征的体积罚分（CBVP）方法。这种方法对Euler方程进行了惩罚，以在考虑壁曲率的同时增强无穿透速度和绝热壁。提出了一种基于CBVP的罚分方法，以在经典的绝热条件下对壁的法向施加熵和总焓的守恒。对这两种方法进行了比较，并在几种情况下进行了数值测试：围绕圆柱体的弱可压缩流，围绕NACA0012翼型的亚音速流以及围绕具有挑战性的高曲率冰锥的流。在较粗的网格上，发现新方法比CBVP更准确，并且在检索曲面几何形状的附着流方面更好。本文的结论是，所提出的方法适用于一般航空航天应用，并且对于结冰模拟具有有益的效果，结冰模拟可以显示出高度弯曲的几何形状。