Hydraulic fracture (or hydrofracture) can promote the propagation of meltwater-filled surface crevasses in glaciers and, in some cases, lead to full-depth penetration that can enhance basal sliding and iceberg calving. Here, we propose a novel poro-damage phase field model for hydrofracturing of glacier crevasses, wherein the crevasse is represented by a nonlocal damage zone and the effect of hydrostatic pressure due to surface meltwater is incorporated based on Biot’s poroelasticity theory. We find that the elastic strain energy decomposition scheme of Lo et al. (2019) with an appropriate fracture energy threshold can adequately represent the asymmetric tensile–compressive fracture behavior of glacier ice subjected to self-gravity loading. We assessed the performance of the model against analytical linear elastic fracture mechanics solutions by comparing their predictions of maximum crevasse penetration depth. The model simulates both surface crevasse propagation in the interior region of the glacier, as well as cliff failure in the terminus region. The excellent performance of the proposed model for air/water-filled surface crevasses in idealized land- and marine-terminating grounded glaciers illustrates its applicability to studying the dynamic response of glaciers to atmospheric warming.

水力压裂（或水力压裂）可促进冰川融化的充填水的表面裂缝的蔓延，在某些情况下会导致全深度渗透，从而增强基础滑动和冰山崩塌。在这里，我们提出了一种新颖的孔隙破碎相场模型，用于冰川裂隙的水力压裂，其中裂缝由非局部破坏带代表，并且根据比奥的孔隙弹性理论并入了由于表面融水引起的静水压力的影响。我们发现Lo等人的弹性应变能分解方案。（2019年）具有适当的断裂能阈值，可以充分表示承受自重载荷作用的冰川冰的不对称拉伸-压缩断裂行为。通过比较他们对最大裂缝穿透深度的预测，我们针对线性弹性断裂力学解析解评估了模型的性能。该模型模拟了冰川内部区域的表面裂隙传播以及末端区域的悬崖破坏。所提出的模型在理想化的陆地和海洋终止的地面冰川中充满空气/水的表面裂缝的优异性能说明了其在研究冰川对大气变暖的动态响应中的适用性。