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Heavy metals concentration and pollution index (HPI) in drinking water along the southwest coast of Ghana
Applied Water Science ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-15 , DOI: 10.1007/s13201-021-01386-5
Regina Appiah-Opong , Amoako Ofori , Mark Ofosuhene , Ebenezer Ofori-Attah , Francis K. E. Nunoo , Isaac Tuffour , Christopher Gordon , Daniel K. Arhinful , Alexander K. Nyarko , Benedicta Y. Fosu-Mensah

The concentration of seven heavy metals in water samples was analyzed along the southwest coast of Ghana in the wet and dry seasons using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Some physicochemical properties of the water samples were also determined to assess the quality of the water. The ranges of metal concentration in water in the wet season were; As (1.23–7.84 µg/L), Cu (4.10–24.09 µg/L), Pb (4.08–57.98 µg/L), Se (BDL-0.38 µg/L), Zn (2.86–17.75 µg/L) and Hg (0.023–0.068 µg/L), whereas the ranges of metal concentration in the dry season were; As (2.30–5.78 µg/L), Pb (25.47–70.73 µg/L), Se (0.081–0.158 µg/L), Zn (0.79–22.80 µg/L) and Hg (0.004–0.047 µg/L). The results of physicochemical properties of water in the wet season were pH (6.83 to 7.52), EC (291.15–780.64 µS/cm), TDS (195.07–523.02 mg/L), DO (2.98–4.39 mg/L), BOD (3.33 to 6.84 mg/L), salinity (0.01 to 0.30 ppt) and temperature (27.06–30.94 °C), whereas the dry season recorded the ranges of pH (6.84–6.95), EC (516.83 to 660.67 µS/cm), TDS (307.07–442.65 mg/L), DO (1.71–3.04 mg/L), BOD (4.25–13.38 mg/L), salinity (0.22–0.28ppt) and temperature (28.46–30.44 °C). The results showed that the concentration of heavy metals in water was below the WHO standard except Pb which exceeded the limit. The mean heavy metal pollution index (HPI) were 130 and 143 for wet and dry seasons, respectively, indicating that the water HPI was above the critical limit (HPI > 100), hence unfit for drinking. All the physicochemical properties analyzed were within the WHO permissible limits except BOD.



中文翻译:

加纳西南沿海地区饮用水中的重金属浓度和污染指数(HPI)

使用原子吸收分光光度计,分析了加纳西南沿海在潮湿和干燥季节的水样中七种重金属的浓度。还确定了水样品的一些理化性质,以评估水的质量。雨季水中金属的浓度范围为:砷(1.23–7.84 µg / L),铜(4.10–24.09 µg / L),铅(4.08–57.98 µg / L),硒(BDL-0.38 µg / L),锌(2.86–17.75 µg / L)和汞(0.023–0.068 µg / L),而干燥季节的金属浓度范围为;砷(2.30–5.78 µg / L),铅(25.47–70.73 µg / L),硒(0.081–0.158 µg / L),锌(0.79–22.80 µg / L)和汞(0.004–0.047 µg / L)。雨季水的理化性质的结果是pH(6.83至7.52),EC(291.15–780.64 µS / cm),TDS(195.07–523.02 mg / L),DO(2.98–4.39 mg / L),BOD (3.33至6.84 mg / L),盐度(0.01至0.30 ppt)和温度(27.06–30.94°C),而旱季记录的pH范围(6.84–6.95),EC(516.83至660.67 µS / cm),TDS(307.07–442.65 mg / L) ),溶解氧(1.71–3.04 mg / L),生化需氧量(4.25–13.38 mg / L),盐度(0.22–0.28ppt)和温度(28.46–30.44°C)。结果表明,水中的重金属浓度低于世界卫生组织的标准,但铅的含量超过了限值。湿季和干季的平均重金属污染指数(HPI)分别为130和143,表明水HPI高于临界限值(HPI> 100),因此不适合饮用。除BOD外,所有分析的理化特性均在WHO允许的范围内。TDS(307.07–442.65 mg / L),DO(1.71–3.04 mg / L),BOD(4.25–13.38 mg / L),盐度(0.22–0.28ppt)和温度(28.46–30.44°C)。结果表明,水中的重金属浓度低于世界卫生组织的标准,但铅的含量超过了限值。湿季和干季的平均重金属污染指数(HPI)分别为130和143,表明水HPI高于临界限值(HPI> 100),因此不适合饮用。除BOD外,所有分析的理化特性均在WHO允许的范围内。TDS(307.07–442.65 mg / L),DO(1.71–3.04 mg / L),BOD(4.25–13.38 mg / L),盐度(0.22–0.28ppt)和温度(28.46–30.44°C)。结果表明,水中的重金属浓度低于世界卫生组织的标准,但铅的含量超过了限值。湿季和干季的平均重金属污染指数(HPI)分别为130和143,表明水HPI高于临界限值(HPI> 100),因此不适合饮用。除BOD外,所有分析的理化特性均在WHO允许的范围内。湿季和干季的平均重金属污染指数(HPI)分别为130和143,表明水HPI高于临界限值(HPI> 100),因此不适合饮用。除BOD外,所有分析的理化特性均在WHO允许的范围内。湿季和干季的平均重金属污染指数(HPI)分别为130和143,表明水HPI高于临界限值(HPI> 100),因此不适合饮用。除BOD外,所有分析的理化特性均在WHO允许的范围内。

更新日期:2021-03-15
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