The increasing volume of distributed resources and user-dependent loads in local networks has increased the concern for congestion and voltage management in distribution networks. To mitigate these issues, the implementation of local flexibility markets has been proposed to assist distribution system operators (DSOs) to manage their networks efficiently. This paper presents the framework of a local flexibility market, including the market participants and their roles. This framework aims to empower DSOs with a market-based instrument for the alleviation of congestion incidents by exploiting the flexibility of local resources. The proposed market aims to provide a tool for the holistic management of distribution networks by trading both reservation and activation of flexibility services, indifferent of the type and the timeline of the needed service. Three market modes are proposed, i.e., long-term, short-term and real-time market, and the interactions among those modes are shown. The operation of the market is explained in detail, including the identification of the needed services, the activation of the market as well as the proposed bidding, clearing and settlement mechanisms. The modelling of the long-term and real-time markets is also presented, along with some indicative simulation results for long-term and real-time services. Finally, the future developments as well as the major conclusions are discussed.

本地网络中分布式资源的数量增加和用户依赖的负载增加了对配电网络中的拥塞和电压管理的关注。为了减轻这些问题，已经提出了实施本地灵活性市场的方法，以帮助配电系统运营商（DSO）有效地管理其网络。本文介绍了本地灵活性市场的框架，包括市场参与者及其角色。该框架旨在通过利用本地资源的灵活性，为DSO提供基于市场的工具，以缓解拥堵事件。拟议的市场旨在通过交易保留和激活灵活性服务来提供一种用于分销网络整体管理的工具，无需区分所需服务的类型和时间表。提出了三种市场模式，即长期，短期和实时市场，并说明了这些模式之间的相互作用。详细解释了市场的运作，包括确定所需的服务，激活市场以及提议的招标，清算和结算机制。还介绍了长期和实时市场的建模，以及一些针对长期和实时服务的指示性模拟结果。最后，讨论了未来的发展以及主要结论。包括确定所需的服务，激活市场以及拟议的招标，结算和结算机制。还介绍了长期和实时市场的建模，以及一些针对长期和实时服务的指示性模拟结果。最后，讨论了未来的发展以及主要结论。包括确定所需的服务，激活市场以及拟议的招标，结算和结算机制。还介绍了长期和实时市场的建模，以及一些针对长期和实时服务的指示性模拟结果。最后，讨论了未来的发展以及主要结论。