Fusarium wilt and root rot complex are among the major challenges to chickpea production throughout Ethiopia. Previous studies have surveyed economically important chickpea diseases in Ethiopia, but were restricted to the major chickpea growing areas and thus were unable to provide a broad geographic view of disease pressure. In the present study, we focus on understanding the extent of wilt/root rot disease pressure and its correlation with local edaphic and agronomic factors. In 2015 and 2016, we conducted geo-referenced field surveys covering 51 districts representing 17 chickpea growing zones, revealing that diseases were widely distributed in all surveyed areas. Across all surveyed sites, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc) was the predominant species encountered among fungi cultured from plant tissue, representing 69.4% of total isolates. The remaining 30.6% of isolates were other root rot pathogens including Rhizoctonia bataticola, Fusarium solani, Sclerotium rolfslii, Rhizoctonia solani and unidentified fungi. Fusarium wilt and root rot diseases incidence were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with clay soils (vertisols), Desi type chickpea, early planting, flowering and plant maturity. The highest mean percent diseases incidence per m² (45.65%) was recorded in the Amhara region, West Gojam zone, where heavy clay soils (typical vertisols) predominate and chickpea production is regularly threatened by high diseases pressure. Taken together, the results of this survey highlight factors associated with chickpea wilt and root disease and in doing so provide a framework for integrated disease management, while also nominating agricultural environments where breeding strategies for disease resistance might have greatest impact.

枯萎病和根腐病是整个埃塞俄比亚生产鹰嘴豆的主要挑战。先前的研究已经调查了埃塞俄比亚在经济上重要的鹰嘴豆疾病，但仅限于主要的鹰嘴豆产区，因此无法提供疾病压力的广泛地理视图。在本研究中，我们着重于了解青枯/根腐病病害的压力及其与局部营养和农艺因素的相关性。在2015年和2016年，我们对涉及17个鹰嘴豆种植区的51个地区进行了地理参考田野调查，结果表明疾病在所有被调查地区广泛分布。在所有调查地点中，尖孢镰刀菌f.。sp。西塞里斯（Foc）是从植物组织培养的真菌中遇到的主要物种，占总分离株的69.4％。其余分离株的30.6％是其他根腐病病原体，包括巴氏根瘤菌，茄枯萎病菌，罗勒菌菌，茄根枯菌和未鉴定的真菌。镰刀菌枯萎病和根腐病发病率与黏土（杂种），德西型鹰嘴豆，早播，开花和植物成熟相关（P <0.05）。每m ^2的平均疾病发病率最高（45.65％）记录在西戈雅姆地区的阿姆哈拉地区，那里的土壤主要是厚重的粘土（典型的松石油），而鹰嘴豆的生产经常受到疾病高压力的威胁。总体而言，本次调查的结果突出了与鹰嘴豆青枯病和根部疾病相关的因素，从而为综合疾病管理提供了框架，同时还提名了农业环境，在这些环境中抗病育种策略可能会产生最大影响。