Purpose

This paper aims to conduct a historical study using both primary (archival data) and secondary sources to evaluate the social conditions of the community of employees at Hawthorne Works between 1907 and 1933.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper evaluates the historical and social context of the 1915 Eastland disaster, specifically, the effects of the Eastland disaster on the community and the company to improve understanding of the contextual background and conditions which influenced the Hawthorne studies. This will also serve as a case study of crisis management.

Findings

The findings of the paper argue that the Eastland disaster likely contributed to the expansion of welfare capitalism practices by Western Electric in the 1920s–1930s and established the social and communal conditions which made the Hawthorne studies (1924–1933) possible.

Originality/value

Rather than evaluating the Hawthorne studies themselves, this paper focuses on social factors which made the Hawthorne Works plant site and the community serving it an ideal locale to host the famous studies as part of Western Electric’s practice of welfare capitalism and a distraction from the traumatic event which scarred the community and urged the Western Electric company to react. This study also provides an early example of crisis management.

中文翻译：

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悲剧后走到一起：1915 年的党卫军东区灾难如何影响福利资本主义并帮助塑造了霍桑研究

目的

本文旨在利用主要（档案数据）和次要来源进行历史研究，以评估 1907 年至 1933 年霍桑工厂员工社区的社会状况。

设计/方法/方法

本文评估了 1915 年 Eastland 灾难的历史和社会背景，特别是 Eastland 灾难对社区和公司的影响，以提高对影响 Hawthorne 研究的背景背景和条件的理解。这也将作为危机管理的案例研究。

发现

该论文的研究结果认为，Eastland 灾难可能促成了西方电力公司在 1920 年代至 1930 年代扩大福利资本主义实践，并建立了使霍桑研究（1924 年至 1933 年）成为可能的社会和公共条件。

原创性/价值

本文不是评估霍桑研究本身，而是侧重于使霍桑工厂厂址和为其服务的社区成为举办著名研究的理想场所的社会因素，作为西方电气福利资本主义实践的一部分，并分散了对创伤性事件的注意力这给社区造成了伤害，并敦促西部电气公司做出反应。这项研究还提供了一个危机管理的早期例子。