Purpose

This study aims to discuss the determinants of Islamic banks’ efficiency. It tries to explore the source of Islamic banks’ inefficiencies to propose solutions to guarantee an acceptable level of technical efficiency of such banks in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve this objective, the authors use a parametric approach, especially, the stochastic frontier approach, using production function and panel data analysis. The authors apply a package Frontier 4.1 for the estimation process, which is composed of two principal steps. In the first step, the authors estimate Islamic banks’ efficiency scores in different GCC countries based on an output distance function. In the second step, the analysis highlights the impact of managerial-specific education on Islamic accounting and finance, scarcity of Sharīʿah scholars, the board independence and chief executive officers’ (CEOs) duality on GCC Islamic banks’ efficiency.

Findings

This study’s results document that managerial-specific education on Islamic accounting and finance and the board of directors’ composition, especially, the board’s independence, can largely explain the technical efficiency scores of Islamic banks in GCC countries. Especially, the authors find evidence that managerial-specific education is negatively associated with the inefficiency term. The coefficient of the Sharīʿah scholar’s variable has a positive sign indicating that the more there are Sharīʿah experts, the more the bank is efficient. In addition, CEOs’ duality seems to have no significant effect on GCC Islamic banks’ efficiency.

Practical implications

GCC Islamic banks need to improve the presence of independent members on the board of directors. In addition, these banks are invited to count more on Sharīʿah auditors and educated staff characterized by a high level of competency in the domain of Islamic banking and finance.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that highlights the effect of managerial-specific education in Islamic accounting and finance and scarcity of Sharīʿah scholars on Islamic banks’ efficiency.

中文翻译：

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海湾合作委员会国家中伊斯兰银行技术效率的决定因素

目的

这项研究旨在讨论伊斯兰银行效率的决定因素。它试图探索伊斯兰银行效率低下的根源，以提出解决方案，以确保海湾合作委员会（GCC）国家中此类银行的技术效率达到可接受的水平。

设计/方法/方法

为了实现这一目标，作者使用了生产函数和面板数据分析，采用了参数化方法，尤其是随机前沿方法。作者为评估过程应用了Frontier 4.1软件包，该软件包由两个主要步骤组成。第一步，作者根据输出距离函数估算不同海湾合作委员会国家中伊斯兰银行的效率得分。在第二步中，分析强调了针对管理人员的教育对伊斯兰会计和金融，伊斯兰教学者的稀缺性，董事会独立性和首席执行官（CEO）双重性对海湾合作委员会伊斯兰银行效率的影响。

发现

这项研究的结果文件表明，针对伊斯兰会计和金融的专门管理教育以及董事会的组成，尤其是董事会的独立性，可以在很大程度上解释海湾合作委员会国家伊斯兰银行的技术效率得分。特别是，作者发现有证据表明，针对管理者的特定教育与效率低下的词负相关。沙里沙学者变量的系数带有一个正号，表明沙里沙专家越多，银行的效率就越高。此外，首席执行官的双重性似乎对海湾合作委员会伊斯兰银行的效率没有显着影响。

实际影响

海湾合作委员会伊斯兰银行需要改善董事会中独立成员的存在。此外，还邀请这些银行更多地使用伊斯兰教的审计师和受过良好教育的员工，这些人员在伊斯兰银行和金融领域具有很高的能力。

创意/价值

据作者所知，这是第一项研究，着重强调了管理特定教育在伊斯兰会计和金融中的作用以及伊斯兰教徒学者的稀缺性对伊斯兰银行效率的影响。