Purpose

The present study seeks to assess whether the firm's location and agglomeration economies affect the firm's export propensity.

Design/methodology/approach

This work is based on a sample of 20,234 Portuguese manufacturing small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and resort to the estimation of a probit model.

Findings

Empirical results show that the location and agglomeration economies have an important role in determining the firm's export propensity. In particular, the study concludes that SMEs located in coastal areas or close to the border are more likely to export. Furthermore, the study also concludes that specialization economies are an important driver of small and medium-sized firms' export propensity while export spillovers are particularly relevant for micro firms. However, urbanization, measured through firms density in NUTS3 region, negatively affects firms' export propensity, which may be due to high congestion costs in the regions with a high firms density.

Originality/value

This study focus on the determinants of the decision to export or the export propensity, particularly the external factors such as the firm's location and agglomeration economies. This is a relatively neglected topic in the literature that has focused on the determinants of export intensity.

中文翻译：

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企业选址和集聚经济对出口倾向的作用：以葡萄牙中小企业为例

目的

本研究旨在评估公司的位置和集聚经济是否影响公司的出口倾向。

设计/方法/方法

这项工作基于 20,234 家葡萄牙制造业中小型企业 (SME) 的样本，并采用概率模型的估计。

发现

实证结果表明，区位经济和集聚经济在决定企业的出口倾向方面具有重要作用。特别是，该研究得出的结论是，位于沿海地区或靠近边境的中小企业更有可能出口。此外，该研究还得出结论，专业化经济是中小型企业出口倾向的重要驱动因素，而出口溢出效应与微型企业尤其相关。然而，通过 NUTS3 地区的企业密度衡量的城市化对企业的出口倾向产生负面影响，这可能是由于企业密度高的地区拥堵成本高。

原创性/价值

本研究侧重于决定出口或出口倾向的决定因素，特别是外部因素，如公司的位置和集聚经济。在关注出口强度决定因素的文献中，这是一个相对被忽视的话题。