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Concept of Śruti, Svara and Rāga of Classical Music in Sanskrit Texts
Indian Journal of History of Science ( IF 0.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 , DOI: 10.16943/ijhs/2018/v53i2/49422 R. N. Iyengar
Indian Journal of History of Science ( IF 0.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 , DOI: 10.16943/ijhs/2018/v53i2/49422 R. N. Iyengar
Indian classical music also known as rāga music traces its origin to the style of chanting hymns of the Sāmaveda (2nd-3rd Millennium BCE) that is in practice to this day. The transition from the sacred to secular or worldly music is textually evidenced for the first time in the Nāya-śāstra of Bharata (100 BCE-100CE). All texts attest to the fact that the string instrument generically called Vīā, that is in use since Vedic times is indispensable in understanding the subtle nuances of the theory behind Hindu classical music. The present paper reviews some of the well-known texts from a historical perspective to bring out several scientific aspects studied or expounded by our ancient authors regarding technical terms such as śruti, svara, dvigua and rāga that form the foundation of the theory. It is demonstrated that the theory and practice of rāga music is based on the probabilistic concept alpatva-bahutva, first enunciated by Bharata and elaborated later by Dattila, Mataga, Śārgadeva among others.
中文翻译:
梵语文本中的Śruti,Svara和Rāga古典音乐概念
印度古典音乐也被称为“拉嘎”音乐,其起源可追溯到今天一直在实践的萨玛维达赞美诗(Sāmaveda)(公元前2至3世纪)。从神圣音乐到世俗音乐或世俗音乐的过渡在巴拉塔的Nāya-śāstra(100 BCE-100CE)中得到了首次文字记载。所有文本都证明了这样一种事实,即吠陀时代以来一直使用的通用乐器Vīā在理解印度古典音乐背后的理论细微差别方面必不可少。本文从历史的角度回顾了一些著名的著作,以提出我们古代作者研究或阐述的构成科学理论基础的技术术语(如茹鲁蒂(sruti),斯瓦拉(svara),德维古拉(dvigua)和茹阿加(rāga)的几个科学方面。
更新日期:2018-06-01
中文翻译:
梵语文本中的Śruti,Svara和Rāga古典音乐概念
印度古典音乐也被称为“拉嘎”音乐,其起源可追溯到今天一直在实践的萨玛维达赞美诗(Sāmaveda)(公元前2至3世纪)。从神圣音乐到世俗音乐或世俗音乐的过渡在巴拉塔的Nāya-śāstra(100 BCE-100CE)中得到了首次文字记载。所有文本都证明了这样一种事实,即吠陀时代以来一直使用的通用乐器Vīā在理解印度古典音乐背后的理论细微差别方面必不可少。本文从历史的角度回顾了一些著名的著作,以提出我们古代作者研究或阐述的构成科学理论基础的技术术语(如茹鲁蒂(sruti),斯瓦拉(svara),德维古拉(dvigua)和茹阿加(rāga)的几个科学方面。