In his 2016 book, Ethics in the Conflicts of Modernity, Alasdair MacIntyre spends considerable time discussing how disputes between different moral theorists and different forms of practice might be adjudicated. A crucial addition to the tradition-constituted historical narrative approach of Whose Justice? Which Rationality? is his introduction of what he calls ‘sociological self-knowledge’. The present article outlines what MacIntyre means by this and suggests that his approach here dovetails well with Christian ethicists who have advocated the use of critical realist sociology in Christian ethics. MacIntyre’s account stresses the importance of ‘a grasp of the nature of the roles and relationships in which one is involved’, a grasp helpfully conceptualized by critical realists. Daniel Finn also notes that the use of critical realism to analyze structures must be paired with a basic typology, and MacIntyre’s sociological self-knowledge, I argue, rests on precisely such a typology between two different types of moral practices. The article concludes by suggesting much more attention be paid to these ‘moral-social’ analyses when addressing apparently intractable disagreements in Christian social ethics.

麦金太尔（Alasdair MacIntyre）在其2016年出版的《现代冲突中的伦理》一书中花费了大量时间，讨论如何裁定不同的道德理论家与不同形式的实践之间的纠纷。对《谁的正义》的传统构成的历史叙事方法的重要补充？哪个合理性？是他对所谓的“社会学自我知识”的介绍。本文概述了麦金太尔的含义，并建议他在这里的方法与主张在基督教伦理学中使用批判现实主义社会学的基督教伦理学相吻合。麦金太尔的论述强调了“掌握所涉及的角色和关系的本质”的重要性，这种掌握是由批判现实主义者有帮助地概念化的。丹尼尔·芬恩（Daniel Finn）还指出，使用批判现实主义来分析结构必须与基本的类型学结合使用，我认为，麦金太尔的社会学自我知识正是基于两种不同类型的道德实践之间的这种类型学。