Starting in the late-nineteenth century, Polish national elites considered emigration a ‘necessary evil’ that alleviated local economic pressures. In the face of an exodus from all of the partitions, leaders of many political persuasions worked to channel the emigration of peasants towards destinations such as Paraná, where a ‘New Poland’ could be built. In the 1920s, the emerging inter-war Polish state created a sprawling emigration apparatus that adjusted the old policies to the new circumstances. This article traces the consecutive turns in the Polish government’s attitude towards emigration to South America, demonstrating the ways in which they mirrored broader European discourses and responded to systemic changes around the globe. Moreover, in line with the recent scholarship that points to the legacies of empire in inter-war Eastern Europe, the article also examines the relationship between the post-imperial nature of the nascent Polish state and its ‘colonial’ emigration policies.

从19世纪末开始，波兰民族精英将移民视为减轻了当地经济压力的“必不可少的罪恶”。面对所有分区的迁徙，许多政治说服的领导人努力将农民的移民引向可以建立“新波兰”的目的地如巴拉那。在1920年代，新兴的两次世界大战波兰国家建立了庞大的移民机构，将旧政策调整为新环境。本文追溯了波兰政府对移民到南美洲的态度的连续转变，展示了他们反映更广泛的欧洲言论并对全球系统变化做出反应的方式。此外，根据最近指出战时东欧帝国遗产的奖学金，