Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “The Birth-Mark” (1843) and “Rappaccini’s Daughter” (1844) have often been interpreted as a critique of science both inside and outside the literary scholarship. Men of science in these two short stories, Aylmer and Rappaccini, aspire to create a perfect form of humanity by attempting to transform their beloved ones into an impeccably beautiful woman with no blemishes, or into a girl capable of defeating everything with her invincible poisonous power, respectively. Critics have emphasized that, as such, they emerge as morally dubious figures representing the desire for mastery and limitless improvement of the human body lurking in nineteenth-century American science or science in general.1¹ Similarly, bioethicists have tended to see in these two characters science’s hubristic perfectionism, drawing an analogy between them and present-day scientists seeking to ameliorate human life through control and manipulation.2²

中文翻译：

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以人为本：纳撒尼尔·霍索恩（Nathaniel Hawthorne）在“胎记”和“拉帕奇尼的女儿”中的活泼唯物主义

纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne）的“出生标记”（The Birth-Mark）（1843）和“拉帕卡基尼的女儿”（Rappaccini's Daughter）（1844）经常被视为对文学学术内部和外部科学的批判。这两个短篇小说中的科学人艾尔默（Aylmer）和拉帕基尼（Rappaccini）渴望通过将自己心爱的人转变成无瑕疵，无瑕疵的美丽女人，或成为能够用无敌的毒力击败一切的女孩，来创造一种完美的人类， 分别。批评者强调，正因为如此，他们的出现为代表的掌握和对人体潜伏在19世纪美国科学或科学的无限提高的欲望在道德上可疑人物在general.1 ¹同样，生物伦理学家倾向于在这两个角色中看到科学的野蛮完美主义，在他们与当今试图通过控制和操纵来改善人类生活的科学家之间进行类比^{。2 2}