Abstract

In the overwhelming majority of Arabic dialects, and even in Modern Standard Arabic, the nominal feminine suffix /-at/ is pronounced without the final /-t/ unless it is in the construct state. This common development has apparently not—or at least only partially—occurred in some bedouin-type dialects of Arabia, particularly those of the Shammar confederation. This fact was discussed in a recent article by M. van Putten, who proposed the unusual sound shift *-t → -y to explain the Shammari pausal forms. This article challenges this view by discussing additional data from narratives and concludes that Shammari Arabic most likely took part in the usual development of Arabic. In the second part, dialects other than Shammari are analysed. These dialects either show a complete retention of /-t/ in feminine singular nouns in the absolute state except in pause, or a further development in which this phenomenon is restricted to noun-adjective phrases. In the conclusion it is argued that not all instances of the retention of /-t/ are archaic residues but in some cases are most prob-ably later innovations.

中文翻译：

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阿拉伯及其后一些贝都因语方言中女性-T的保存

摘要

在绝大多数阿拉伯语方言中，甚至在现代标准阿拉伯语中，除非是处于构造状态，否则标称的女性后缀/ -at /不带最终的/ -t /。阿拉伯的某些贝都因人方言，特别是沙马尔联邦的方言，显然没有或至少部分没有发生这种共同发展。M. van Putten在最近的一篇文章中讨论了这一事实，他提出了异常的音移* -t → -y解释Shammari保释形式。本文通过讨论叙事的其他数据来挑战这种观点，并得出结论认为，Shammari阿拉伯语很可能参与了阿拉伯语的通常发展。在第二部分中，分析了Shammari以外的方言。这些方言要么显示绝对状态中的女性奇异名词完全保留/ -t /，要么暂停，或者将此现象限于名词形容词短语的进一步发展。结论是，并非所有保留-t /的实例都是过时的残基，但在某些情况下，最有可能是后来的创新。