This article argues against the rationality of ‘hopeful universalism’, the components of which include the unconditional considered hope that soteriological universalism is true, and an absence of belief that it is true. Some proponents maintain that there is simply not enough evidence to affirm or deny universalism; others believe that it is probably false but nonetheless hope they are mistaken. This article argues that worshippers of God who maintain unconditional considered hope in the truth of universalism ought either to believe universalism or seek to abandon their hope in its truth, depending (in part) on how their confidence in the considerations that steer them away from universalism measure up against the beliefs that underwrite their hope in its truth. For such people, neither withholding belief in universalism nor believing that it is false while continuing to hope that it is true is a rational option.

中文翻译：

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充满希望的普遍主义

本文反对“有希望的普遍主义”的合理性，其组成部分包括无条件考虑的希望救世论的普遍主义是真实的，并且不相信它是真实的。一些支持者认为根本没有足够的证据来肯定或否定普遍主义。其他人认为这可能是错误的，但仍然希望他们是错误的。本文认为，对普遍主义真理保持无条件被认为希望的上帝的崇拜者应该相信普遍主义或寻求放弃对真理的希望，这（部分）取决于他们对引导他们远离普遍主义的考虑的信心衡量他们对真理的希望的信念。对于这样的人来说，既不保留对普遍主义的信仰，也不相信它是虚假的，同时继续希望它是真实的，这是一种理性的选择。