Justice can be pursued by the state, or through voluntary charity. This paper seeks to contribute to the debate about the appropriate division of labor between government and charitable agencies by developing a positive account of the charity sector's moral foundations. The account given here is grounded in a legal conception of charity, as a set of subsidies and privileges designed to cultivate a wide variety of activities aimed at enhancing civic virtue and autonomy. Among other things, this implies that a charity sector oriented largely around the pursuit of justice will come at a moral cost to a liberal society, at least when the state is in a position to take the greater share of the responsibility. So, a positive account of charity provides at least a pro tanto reason for preferring a division of labor in which the state takes a greater share of the responsibility for pursuing justice. As well as developing and defending this conception in its own right, we apply it in offering some criticisms and enhancements of existing views about the division of labor.

中文翻译：

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慈善事业（大部分）保持正义：多元化和慈善组织与国家之间的分工

正义可以由国家或通过自愿慈善来追求。本文旨在通过对慈善部门的道德基础进行正面描述，为关于政府和慈善机构之间适当分工的辩论做出贡献。这里给出的说明是基于慈善的法律概念，作为一组旨在培养旨在提高公民美德和自主权的各种活动的补贴和特权。除其他外，这意味着主要以追求正义为导向的慈善部门将为自由社会付出道德代价，至少当国家能够承担更大的责任时。所以，对慈善事业的正面评价至少为偏爱国家在追求正义方面承担更大责任的分工提供了一个直接的理由。除了发展和捍卫这一概念本身，我们还将其应用于对现有分工观点的批评和改进。