The Liberal International Order (LIO) is currently being undermined not only by states such as Russia but also by voters in the West. We argue that both veins of discontent are driven by resentment toward the LIO's status hierarchy, rather than simply by economic grievances. Approaching discontent historically and sociologically, we show that there are two strains of recognition struggles against the LIO: one in the core of the West, driven by populist politicians and their voters, and one on the semiperiphery, fueled by competitively authoritarian governments and their supporters. At this particular moment in history, these struggles are digitally, ideologically, and organizationally interconnected in their criticism of LIO institutions, amplifying each other. The LIO is thus being hollowed out from within at a time when it is also facing some of its greatest external challenges.

中文翻译：

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争取承认的斗争：自由国际秩序及其不满的合并

自由国际秩序（LIO）目前不仅受到俄罗斯等国家的破坏，而且受到西方选民的破坏。我们认为，这两种不满情绪都是由对 LIO 地位等级的怨恨驱动的，而不仅仅是经济上的不满。从历史和社会学角度接近不满，我们表明存在两种承认斗争反对 LIO：一个在西方核心，由民粹主义政客及其选民推动，另一个在半边缘，由竞争激烈的威权政府及其支持者推动。在历史的这个特殊时刻，这些斗争在对 LIO 机构的批评中在数字上、意识形态上和组织上相互关联，相互放大。LIO因此被掏空从内部与此同时，它也面临着一些最大的外部挑战。