The multidisciplinary research described here shows how archaeologists can help reconstruct past seismic episodes and understand the subsequent relief operation, rehabilitation, and reconstruction processes. In October 1522, a major earthquake and landslide struck the then capital of the Azores, Vila Franca do Campo, 1500 km from the European mainland. Damage was extensive, destroying key monuments, affecting most of the inhabited area, and leaving few survivors among the early colonists. The results from twenty-six archaeological trenches, geological and geoarchaeological investigations, and documentary analysis are reviewed here. Distinctive archaeological deposits are identified and explained, using the high density of artefacts and the erosional contact between the landslide and the pre-1522 palaeosol to reconstruct the episode in detail.

中文翻译：

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滑坡考古：揭开 1522 年亚速尔群岛地震灾难及其后果

这里描述的多学科研究展示了考古学家如何帮助重建过去的地震事件并了解随后的救援行动、恢复和重建过程。1522 年 10 月，一场大地震和山体滑坡袭击了当时距离欧洲大陆 1500 公里的亚速尔群岛首府 Vila Franca do Campo。破坏是广泛的，摧毁了重要的纪念碑，影响了大部分居民区，在早期的殖民者中几乎没有幸存者。本文回顾了 26 个考古战壕、地质和地质考古调查以及文献分析的结果。利用高密度的人工制品以及滑坡与 1522 年以前的古土壤之间的侵蚀接触，对独特的考古沉积物进行了识别和解释，以详细重建这一事件。