The history of reindeer domestication is a critical topic in the study of human-animal relationships across Northern Eurasia. The Iamal-Nenets region of Arctic Siberia, now a global centre of reindeer pastoralism, has been the subject of much recent research on reindeer domestication. However, tracking the beginnings of reindeer domestication in this region and elsewhere in Eurasia has proved challenging. Archaeological imagery is an under-utilized source of information for exploring animal domestication. In this paper we explore the abundant reindeer imagery found at the Iron Age site of Ust’-Polui in Iamal, dating from ~260 bce to ce 140. While reindeer were hunted in Siberia long before the occupation of Ust’-Polui, portable reindeer imagery appears abruptly at this time period, co-occurring at the site with equipment thought to be for training transport reindeer. Training and working with transport reindeer required long-term engagement with specific animals that became well known and precious to their human keepers. Creating, utilizing and depositing the reindeer imagery objects at Ust’-Polui was a way of acknowledging critical new working relationships with specific domestic reindeer.

中文翻译：

---

在北极西伯利亚的 Ust'-Polui 制作的驯鹿图像

驯鹿驯化的历史是欧亚大陆北部人类与动物关系研究的一个重要课题。北极西伯利亚的 Iamal-Nenets 地区现在是全球驯鹿放牧中心，最近一直是驯鹿驯化研究的主题。然而，追踪该地区和欧亚大陆其他地区驯鹿驯化的开端已被证明具有挑战性。考古图像是探索动物驯化的未充分利用的信息来源。在本文中，我们探索了在 Iamal 的 Ust'-Polui 铁器时代遗址发现的丰富驯鹿图像，其历史可追溯至约 260公元前到ce140. 虽然早在占领 Ust'-Polui 之前就在西伯利亚猎杀了驯鹿，但便携式驯鹿图像在此期间突然出现，与被认为用于训练运输驯鹿的设备同时出现在现场。训练和与运输驯鹿一起工作需要与特定的动物长期接触，这些动物对它们的人类饲养员来说是众所周知和珍贵的。在 Ust'-Polui 创建、利用和存放驯鹿图像对象是承认与特定国内驯鹿的重要新工作关系的一种方式。