Chronic diseases and preexisting conditions shape daily life for many archaeologists both in and out of the field. Chronic issues, however, can be overlooked in safety planning, which more often focuses on emergency situations because they are considered mundane, or they are imperceptible to project directors and crews until a serious problem arises. This article focuses on asthma, diabetes, and depression as common medical conditions that impact otherwise healthy archaeologists during fieldwork, with the goal of raising awareness of these conditions in particular, and the need to be more attentive to chronic diseases in general. Archaeological fieldwork presents novel situations that put those with chronic diseases and preexisting conditions at risk: environmental hazards, remoteness from medical and social resources and networks, lack of group awareness, and varying cultural norms. As a result, if chronic diseases are not attended to properly in the field, they can lead to life-threatening situations. Managing the risk presented by these conditions requires a group culture where team members are aware of issues, as appropriate, and collaborate to mitigate them during fieldwork. Descriptions of how chronic diseases affect archaeologists in the field are followed by “best practice” recommendations for self-management and for group leaders.

中文翻译：

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在考古实地工作期间减轻慢性病

慢性疾病和先前存在的疾病塑造了许多考古学家在野外和野外的日常生活。然而，长期问题在安全规划中可能会被忽视，安全规划更多地关注紧急情况，因为它们被认为是平凡的，或者在出现严重问题之前，它们对于项目主管和工作人员来说是难以察觉的。本文重点关注哮喘、糖尿病和抑郁症这些常见疾病，这些疾病会在实地工作期间影响原本健康的考古学家，目的是提高对这些疾病的认识，特别是提高对一般慢性病的关注度。考古实地考察提出了使患有慢性病和先前存在的疾病的人处于危险之中的新情况：环境危害，远离医疗和社会资源和网络，缺乏群体意识和不同的文化规范。因此，如果慢性病没有在现场得到妥善处理，它们可能会导致危及生命的情况。管理这些条件带来的风险需要一种团队文化，在这种文化中，团队成员酌情意识到问题，并在实地工作期间进行协作以减轻这些问题。在描述慢性病如何影响该领域的考古学家之后，还有针对自我管理和团队领导的“最佳实践”建议。