OVERVIEWDigital data play an increasingly important role in how we understand the present and the past. The challenges inherent in understanding and using digital data are as intellectually demanding as any other archaeological research endeavor. For these reasons, data management cannot be regarded as a simple compliance or technical issue. For data to be meaningfully preserved and used in intellectually rigorous ways, they need to be integrated fully into all aspects of archaeological practice, including ethics, teaching, and publishing. In this review, we highlight some of the significant and multifaceted challenges involved in managing data, including documentation, training, methodology, data modeling, trust, and ethical concerns. We then focus on the importance of building data literacy broadly among archaeologists so that we can manage and communicate the data our discipline creates. This involves more than learning to use a new tool or finding a data manager for one's excavation or survey. Long-term, responsible stewardship of data requires understanding the workflows and human roles in data management. Putting effort now into thoughtful data management and broad data-literacy training means we will be able to make the most of the “bigger” data that archaeologists now produce. An important aspect of this reorientation will be to look beyond the boundaries of our own research projects and information systems. Future research, teaching, and public engagement needs will also compel us to explore how our data articulates with wider contexts—within and beyond our discipline.

中文翻译：

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现在和新十年考古学中的数字数据和数据素养

概述数字数据在我们如何理解现在和过去方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。理解和使用数字数据所固有的挑战与任何其他考古研究工作一样需要智力。由于这些原因，不能将数据管理视为简单的合规或技术问题。为了使数据得到有意义的保存和以严谨的方式使用，它们需要完全融入考古实践的各个方面，包括伦理、教学和出版。在这篇评论中，我们强调了管理数据所涉及的一些重大且多方面的挑战，包括文档、培训、方法、数据建模、信任和道德问题。然后，我们关注在考古学家中广泛建立数据素养的重要性，以便我们能够管理和交流我们学科创建的数据。这不仅仅涉及学习使用新工具或为挖掘或调查寻找数据管理器。长期、负责任的数据管理需要了解数据管理中的工作流程和人员角色。现在将精力投入到深思熟虑的数据管理和广泛的数据素养培训中，这意味着我们将能够充分利用考古学家现在产生的“更大”数据。这种重新定位的一个重要方面将是超越我们自己的研究项目和信息系统的界限。未来的研究、教学、