Australia’s new illegal logging laws aim at prohibiting the import of illegally harvested forest products from around the world. Soon after adoption, and following an intense debate on the expected costs of compliance, the legislation was reviewed and the proposed amendments finally disallowed. As of 2018 stricter enforcement actions were announced. This article identifies compliance issues observed in Australia and proposes ways to tackle them based on experiences in the United States and the European Union. We find that law enforcement helps shape market behaviour and reinforces compliance. A national legality assurance system, established in the supplier country, is an effective way to ensure legality verification, to alleviate the burden on individual businesses to prove legality, and to support the regulated community to comply with the law.

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遵守澳大利亚的非法伐木法：软启动后艰难的现实吗？美国和欧盟的经验教训

澳大利亚新的非法采伐法律旨在禁止从世界范围内进口非法采伐的林产品。在通过之后不久，并且在关于合规的预期成本方面进行了激烈的辩论之后，对立法进行了审查，最终禁止了拟议的修正案。截至2018年，宣布了更严格的执法行动。本文确定了在澳大利亚观察到的合规性问题，并根据美国和欧盟的经验提出了解决这些问题的方法。我们发现执法有助于塑造市场行为并增强合规性。在供应国建立的国家合法性保证体系是确保合法性验证，减轻单个企业证明合法性的负担并支持受监管社区遵守法律的有效途径。