Abstract

Recently, immunochromatographic assay (ICA) methods have found a wide range of uses in medical diagnostic, quality control, and consumer safety products because of their rapidity and methodological simplicity of testing; however, ICAs are usually less sensitive than other analytical methods. In this review, we survey modern methodological solutions for ensuring high sensitivity of ICAs based on the use of nanoparticle markers and colorimetric detection and characterize the main direction of such works focusing on lowering the detection limit amplification of the detectable signal generated by a single nanoparticle and forming, during the assay, immune complexes labeled with aggregates consisting of a large number of nanoparticles. The advantages and limitations of different approaches are discussed. We show that their use provides a decrease in the detection limit of ICA by 1–3 orders of magnitude, which makes this method quite competitive compared with instrumental methods of analysis.

中文翻译：

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通过比色法检测提高免疫色谱测试系统灵敏度的方法（综述）

摘要

近年来，由于免疫色谱分析（ICA）方法的快速性和测试方法的简便性，已在医学诊断，质量控制和消费者安全产品中发现了广泛的用途。但是，ICA通常不如其他分析方法敏感。在这篇综述中，我们调查了基于使用纳米颗粒标记物和比色法检测以确保ICAs高灵敏度的现代方法学解决方案，并表征了此类工作的主要方向，重点是降低单个纳米颗粒和单个纳米颗粒产生的可检测信号的检测限放大倍数。在测定过程中形成由大量纳米颗粒组成的聚集体标记的免疫复合物。讨论了不同方法的优缺点。