Abstract

In Russia and around the world, there are important questions regarding the potential threats to national and biological safety created by genetic technologies and the need to improve or introduce new, justified, and adequate measures for their control, regulation, and prevention. The article shows that a significant volume of the global market is occupied by five major transgenic crops, and producers are ready to switch to crops with an edited genome that has been approved in the United States, Argentina, and other countries. We propose a qualitatively new approach to the risk assessment of edited plants, “Safe Design,” and we have also developed an extremely important, fundamentally new approach to the development of methods that combine next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Bioinformatics for the assessment of the crop import biosafety. The proposed mathematical approach provides a detailed analysis of the possible insertions of DNA fragments into the genome of edited crops and a clarification of their biological significance. The developed method can be used in the rapid screening of plants for the presence of potentially dangerous genes, viral sequences, and nonspecific promoter sequences.

中文翻译：

---

数学方法在农作物生物安全评价中的应用

摘要

在俄罗斯和世界各地，基因技术对国家和生物安全造成的潜在威胁存在重要问题，并且需要改进或引入新的、合理的和适当的措施来控制、监管和预防。文章显示，全球市场的很大一部分被五种主要转基因作物占据，生产商已准备好转向使用已在美国、阿根廷和其他国家获得批准的基因组编辑作物。我们提出了一种定性的新方法来评估编辑植物的风险，即“安全设计”，并且我们还开发了一种极其重要的、全新的方法来开发结合下一代测序（NGS）和生物信息学进行评估的方法农作物进口生物安全。所提出的数学方法对 DNA 片段可能插入编辑作物基因组中的可能性进行了详细分析，并阐明了其生物学意义。所开发的方法可用于快速筛选植物中是否存在潜在危险基因、病毒序列和非特异性启动子序列。