Background

Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy has had a significant impact on the survival of a subset of patients with advanced cancers. It has been particularly effective in immunogenic cancer types that present large numbers of somatic mutations in their genomes. To date, all conventional immunotherapies have failed to produce significant clinical benefits for patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, probably due to its poor immunogenic properties, including low numbers of neoantigens and highly immune-suppressive microenvironments.

Conclusions

Herein, we discuss advances that have recently been made in cancer immunotherapy and the potential of this field to deliver effective treatment options for pancreatic cancer patients. Preclinical investigations, combining different types of therapies, highlight possibilities to enhance anti-tumor immunity and to generate meaningful clinical responses in pancreatic cancer patients. Results from completed and ongoing (pre)clinical trials are discussed.

中文翻译：

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胰腺癌的免疫疗法：追逐隧道尽头的光明

 背景

检查点阻断免疫疗法对部分晚期癌症患者的生存产生了重大影响。它对于基因组中存在大量体细胞突变的免疫原性癌症类型特别有效。迄今为止，所有常规免疫疗法均未能为诊断为胰腺癌的患者产生显着的临床益处，这可能是由于其免疫原性较差，包括新抗原数量低和高度免疫抑制的微环境。

 结论

在此，我们讨论癌症免疫疗法最近取得的进展以及该领域为胰腺癌患者提供有效治疗选择的潜力。临床前研究结合不同类型的疗法，强调了增强抗肿瘤免疫力并在胰腺癌患者中产生有意义的临床反应的可能性。讨论了已完成和正在进行的（前）临床试验的结果。