Bamboo scrimber is a unidirectional natural fibrous composite material. It has a broad prospect to be used as a construction material due to its outstanding physical and mechanical properties, especially the mechanical properties along the fibre direction. This study performed the uniaxial longitudinal tensile and compressive tests on bamboo scrimber and presented two stress–strain constitutive models based on the test results. The first one is a two-stage non-linear model, which has a linear function and a quadratic function. The coefficients in this model depend on the material property. The second model is an exponential function on the basis of the elastic–plastic method. The coefficients in this model are obtained by fitting and calibrating the experimental data. The two models are both in good agreement with the experimental results, while the first one is convenient for engineering applications, and the second model can be used to determine the material failure criterion under complex loading at any angle.

竹刮板是一种单向天然纤维复合材料。由于其出色的物理和机械性能，尤其是沿纤维方向的机械性能，它具有广阔的前景，可被用作建筑材料。这项研究在竹上进行了单轴纵向拉伸和压缩试验，并根据试验结果提出了两种应力-应变本构模型。第一个是两阶段非线性模型，具有线性函数和二次函数。该模型中的系数取决于材料属性。第二个模型是基于弹塑性方法的指数函数。该模型中的系数是通过拟合和校准实验数据获得的。这两个模型都与实验结果非常吻合，