In the past two decades, the revolutionary technologies of creating cold and ultracold molecules have provided cutting-edge experiments for studying the fundamental phenomena of collision physics. To a large degree, the recent explosion of interest in the molecular collisions has been sparked by dramatic progress of experimental capabilities and theoretical methods, which permit molecular collisions to be explored deep in the quantum mechanical limit. Tremendous experimental advances in the field have already been achieved, and the authors, from an experimental perspective, provide a review of these studies for exploring the nature of molecular collisions occurring at temperatures ranging from the Kelvin to the nanoKelvin regime, as well as for applications of producing ultracold molecules.

在过去的二十年中，创建冷和超冷分子的革命性技术为研究碰撞物理的基本现象提供了前沿的实验。在很大程度上，最近实验能力和理论方法的巨大进步激发了人们对分子碰撞的兴趣激增，这使得人们可以在量子力学极限内深入探索分子碰撞。该领域已经取得了巨大的实验进展，作者从实验的角度对这些研究进行了综述，以探讨在开尔文至纳米开尔文体系温度范围内发生的分子碰撞的性质以及应用产生超冷分子的过程。