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Field study on flow structures within aquatic vegetation under combined currents and small‐scale waves
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14121 Yinghao Zhang 1, 2 , Xijun Lai 2 , Jingxu Ma 1 , Qian Zhang 1 , Ru Yu 1 , Xin Yao 1 , Huanguang Deng 1
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14121 Yinghao Zhang 1, 2 , Xijun Lai 2 , Jingxu Ma 1 , Qian Zhang 1 , Ru Yu 1 , Xin Yao 1 , Huanguang Deng 1
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Field measurements were conducted to study the influence of aquatic vegetation on flow structures in floodplains under combined currents and wind‐driven waves. Wave and turbulent velocities were decomposed from the time series of instantaneous velocity and analysed separately. In the present study, the wind waves were small, leading to the ratios of wave excursion (Ew) to stem spacing (S) for all cases tested here were less than 0.5. This caused the vertical distributions of time‐averaged velocity (Uhoriz) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) impacted by vegetation similar with the vegetated flow structures under pure current conditions. For emergent vegetation, Uhoriz and TKE distributed uniformly through the entire water column or increased slightly from bed to water surface. Similar distributions were present in the lower part of submerged vegetation. In the upper part of submerged vegetation, Uhoriz and TKE increased rapidly toward water surface and TKE reached its maximum near the top of vegetation. The measured wave orbital velocity (Uw) fitted linear wave theory well through the entire water depth for both the emergent and submerged cases, so that with small Ew/S the wave velocity was not attenuated within vegetation and Uw within canopy can be predicted by the linear wave theory under combined currents and waves. However, wind‐driven waves made the turbulence generated near the top of canopy penetrate a deeper depth into vegetation than predictions under pure current conditions.
中文翻译：
潮流和小尺度波浪作用下水生植被内流动结构的现场研究
进行了野外测量，以研究水生植被对洪流平原和水流联合作用下洪泛区水流结构的影响。从瞬时速度的时间序列中分解出波速和湍流速度，并分别进行了分析。在本研究中，风浪很小，导致此处测试的所有情况下的波浪偏移（E w）与茎距（S）之比均小于0.5。这导致了植被在纯电流条件下与植被流结构相似的时间平均速度（U horiz）和湍动能（TKE）的垂直分布。对于紧急植被，U horiz和TKE均匀地分布在整个水柱或从床微升至水面。淹没植被的下部也有类似的分布。在淹没植被的上部，U horiz和TKE向着水面迅速增加，TKE在植被顶部附近达到最大值。对于新兴和淹没情况，实测波轨道速度（U w）在整个水深中都非常符合线性波理论，因此，在E w / S较小的情况下，植被和U w内的波速不会衰减可以通过线性波理论在组合的电流和波的作用下预测冠层内的水。但是，在纯电流条件下，风力驱动的波浪使在冠层顶部附近产生的湍流比植被更深地渗透到植被中。
更新日期：2021-04-29
中文翻译：
潮流和小尺度波浪作用下水生植被内流动结构的现场研究
进行了野外测量，以研究水生植被对洪流平原和水流联合作用下洪泛区水流结构的影响。从瞬时速度的时间序列中分解出波速和湍流速度，并分别进行了分析。在本研究中，风浪很小，导致此处测试的所有情况下的波浪偏移（E w）与茎距（S）之比均小于0.5。这导致了植被在纯电流条件下与植被流结构相似的时间平均速度（U horiz）和湍动能（TKE）的垂直分布。对于紧急植被，U horiz和TKE均匀地分布在整个水柱或从床微升至水面。淹没植被的下部也有类似的分布。在淹没植被的上部，U horiz和TKE向着水面迅速增加，TKE在植被顶部附近达到最大值。对于新兴和淹没情况，实测波轨道速度（U w）在整个水深中都非常符合线性波理论，因此，在E w / S较小的情况下，植被和U w内的波速不会衰减可以通过线性波理论在组合的电流和波的作用下预测冠层内的水。但是，在纯电流条件下，风力驱动的波浪使在冠层顶部附近产生的湍流比植被更深地渗透到植被中。
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