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Power rating procedure of hybrid concentrator/flat‐plate photovoltaic bifacial modules
Progress in Photovoltaics ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 , DOI: 10.1002/pip.3410 Juan F. Martínez 1 , Marc Steiner 1 , Maike Wiesenfarth 1 , Gerald Siefer 1 , Stefan W. Glunz 1 , Frank Dimroth 1
Progress in Photovoltaics ( IF 8.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 , DOI: 10.1002/pip.3410 Juan F. Martínez 1 , Marc Steiner 1 , Maike Wiesenfarth 1 , Gerald Siefer 1 , Stefan W. Glunz 1 , Frank Dimroth 1
Affiliation
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Hybrid concentrator/flat‐plate photovoltaic (CPV/flat‐plate PV) technology combines III–V multi‐junction and flat‐plate bifacial solar cells to convert direct, diffuse and rear irradiance into electricity. For the first time, this article presents a procedure to rate the power output of such modules at standard test and standard operating conditions. The reference conditions, data filtering criteria, and translation methods are taken, and in some parts adapted, from the CPV, flat‐plate PV, and bifacial PV International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards. The power rating is based on outdoor measurements performed on two hybrid modules (A = 1088 cm2) equipped with III–V triple‐ or four‐junction solar cells mounted on bifacial positively doped passivated emmiter rear contact (p‐PERC) c‐Si cells. The results show that the modules, named triple‐ and four‐junction EyeCon, convert the reference AM1.5g spectrum with an efficiency of 32.6% and 34.2%, respectively. This exceeds by 1.4%abs and 3%abs the highest value reported so far for a terrestrial module that harvests global irradiance. Additionally, the modules generate 11.5 and 10.9 W/m2 for every 100 W/m2 of rear irradiance to surpass an output of 350 W/m2. Finally, the influence of illumination mode, type of irradiance sensor, and filtering criteria were evaluated, and a simplified alternative with an acceptable power output underestimation of 0.5%rel is presented.
中文翻译：
混合式集中器/平板光伏双面模块的额定功率程序
混合式聚光器/平板光伏（CPV /平板PV）技术结合了III–V多结和平板双面太阳能电池，可将直接，扩散和后向辐射转换为电能。本文首次提出了一种在标准测试和标准操作条件下对此类模块的输出功率进行评估的程序。参考条件，数据过滤标准和转换方法均取自CPV，平板PV和双面PV国际电工委员会（IEC）标准，并且在某些部分进行了改编。额定功率基于在两个混合模块上进行的室外测量（A = 1088 cm 2）装有III-V三结或四结太阳能电池，该电池安装在双面正掺杂钝化发射极后接触（p-PERC）c-Si电池上。结果表明，名为三结点和四结点EyeCon的模块可以分别转换参考AM1.5g光谱，效率分别为32.6％和34.2％。对于目前收获全球辐照度的地面模块而言，该值比迄今为止报告的最高值高出1.4％abs和3％abs。此外，模块每100 W / m 2的后照度产生11.5和10.9 W / m 2的输出，超过350 W / m 2的输出。最后，评估了照明模式，辐照度传感器的类型和滤波标准的影响，并提出了一个可接受的功率输出低估rel为0.5％的简化替代方案。
更新日期：2021-04-26
中文翻译：
混合式集中器/平板光伏双面模块的额定功率程序
混合式聚光器/平板光伏（CPV /平板PV）技术结合了III–V多结和平板双面太阳能电池，可将直接，扩散和后向辐射转换为电能。本文首次提出了一种在标准测试和标准操作条件下对此类模块的输出功率进行评估的程序。参考条件，数据过滤标准和转换方法均取自CPV，平板PV和双面PV国际电工委员会（IEC）标准，并且在某些部分进行了改编。额定功率基于在两个混合模块上进行的室外测量（A = 1088 cm 2）装有III-V三结或四结太阳能电池，该电池安装在双面正掺杂钝化发射极后接触（p-PERC）c-Si电池上。结果表明，名为三结点和四结点EyeCon的模块可以分别转换参考AM1.5g光谱，效率分别为32.6％和34.2％。对于目前收获全球辐照度的地面模块而言，该值比迄今为止报告的最高值高出1.4％abs和3％abs。此外，模块每100 W / m 2的后照度产生11.5和10.9 W / m 2的输出，超过350 W / m 2的输出。最后，评估了照明模式，辐照度传感器的类型和滤波标准的影响，并提出了一个可接受的功率输出低估rel为0.5％的简化替代方案。
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