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Computing Edge States without Hard Truncation
SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-11 , DOI: 10.1137/19m1282696
Kyle Thicke , Alexander B. Watson , Jianfeng Lu

SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Volume 43, Issue 2, Page B323-B353, January 2021.
We present a numerical method which accurately computes the discrete spectrum and associated bound states of semi-infinite Hamiltonians which model electronic “edge” states localized at boundaries of one- and two-dimensional crystalline materials. The problem is nontrivial since arbitrarily large finite “hard” (Dirichlet) truncations of the Hamiltonian in the infinite bulk direction tend to produce spurious bound states partially supported at the truncation. Our method, which overcomes this difficulty, is to compute the Green's function of the semi-infinite Hamiltonian by imposing an appropriate boundary condition in the bulk direction; then, the spectral data is recovered via Riesz projection. We demonstrate our method's effectiveness by studies of edge states at a graphene zig-zag edge in the presence of defects modeled both by a discrete tight-binding model and a continuum PDE model under finite difference discretization. Our method may also be used to study states localized at domain wall-type edges in one- and two-dimensional materials where the edge Hamiltonian is infinite in both directions; we demonstrate this for the case of a tight-binding model of distinct honeycomb structures joined along a zig-zag edge. We expect our method to be useful for designing novel devices based on precise wave-guiding by edge states.


中文翻译:

计算边缘状态而无需硬截断

SIAM科学计算杂志,第43卷,第2期,第B323-B353页,2021年1月。
我们提出了一种数值方法,可以准确地计算半无限哈密顿量的离散光谱和相关的束缚态,该半无限哈密顿量可以模拟位于一维和二维晶体材料边界的电子“边缘”态。这个问题并非无关紧要,因为在无限体积方向上哈密顿量的任意大的有限“硬”(Dirichlet)截断往往会产生在截断处部分受支撑的虚假束缚态。我们的方法克服了这一困难,它是通过在体方向上施加适当的边界条件来计算半无限哈密顿量的格林函数。然后,通过Riesz投影恢复光谱数据。我们演示我们的方法” 通过在有限差分离散化下同时存在由离散紧密结合模型和连续PDE模型建模的缺陷的情况下,通过研究石墨烯之字形边缘处的边缘状态来研究其有效性。我们的方法还可以用于研究位于一维和二维材料中的畴壁型边缘的状态,其中,边缘哈密顿量在两个方向上都是无限的。我们针对沿锯齿形边缘连接的不同蜂窝结构的紧密绑定模型的情况证明了这一点。我们希望我们的方法对于基于边缘状态的精确导波设计新颖的设备很有用。我们的方法还可以用于研究位于一维和二维材料中的畴壁型边缘的状态,其中,边缘哈密顿量在两个方向上都是无限的。我们针对沿锯齿形边缘连接的不同蜂窝结构的紧密绑定模型的情况证明了这一点。我们希望我们的方法对于基于边缘状态的精确导波设计新颖的设备很有用。我们的方法还可以用于研究位于一维和二维材料中的畴壁型边缘的状态,其中,边缘哈密顿量在两个方向上都是无限的。我们针对沿锯齿形边缘连接的不同蜂窝结构的紧密绑定模型的情况证明了这一点。我们希望我们的方法对于基于边缘状态的精确导波设计新颖的设备很有用。
更新日期:2021-03-12
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