Abstract

Aim

Opioid misuse is a severe threat to justice-involved children and adolescents. Identifying risk factors and sex differences is critical to design accurate risk assessments and person-centered interventions. Stress theory and research posit that abuse may be linked to opioid misuse, and the consequences may be harsher for females. The study tests the hypothesis that physical and sexual abuse will individually and cumulatively increase the risk for opioid misuse, and females will have a higher risk than males.

Methods

A statewide sample of 79,960 justice-involved children in Florida were examined. Opioid misuse, illicit and non-medical use, was measured by urine analysis or self-disclosure within the past-30 days. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed. Marginal effects were estimated to investigate the interaction between abuse and sex.

Results

Over 2000 youth met the criteria for opioid misuse. One-third of female opioid users experienced both physical and sexual abuse. Compared to those with no history of physical or sexual abuse, those who were physically abused had 43% higher odds of opioid misuse, those who were sexually abuse had 78% higher odds, and those who experienced both had twice as high odds of opioid misuse. The individual and combined effects of these abuse types were higher for females. For example, female youth who were sexually abused had 2.7-times higher odds of opioid misuse than males who were sexually abused.

Conclusion

Intervention efforts can be improved by integrating physical and sexual abuse into risk assessments and tailoring assessments by sex.

中文翻译：

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佛罗里达司法参与儿童过去 30 天阿片类药物滥用几率中身体虐待和性虐待影响的性别差异

 抽象的

 目的

阿片类药物滥用对伸张正义的儿童和青少年构成严重威胁。识别风险因素和性别差异对于设计准确的风险评估和以人为本的干预措施至关重要。压力理论和研究认为，滥用可能与阿片类药物滥用有关，而对女性来说，后果可能更严重。该研究检验了这样的假设：身体虐待和性虐待会单独和累积地增加阿片类药物滥用的风险，并且女性的风险高于男性。

 方法

对佛罗里达州 79,960 名参与司法的儿童进行了全州样本检查。通过过去 30 天内的尿液分析或自我披露来衡量阿片类药物的滥用、非法和非医疗使用情况。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。估计边际效应以调查虐待和性之间的相互作用。

 结果

超过 2000 名青少年符合阿片类药物滥用标准。三分之一的女性阿片类药物使用者遭受过身体虐待和性虐待。与没有身体虐待或性虐待史的人相比，遭受身体虐待的人阿片类药物滥用的几率高出 43%，遭受性虐待的人阿片类药物滥用的几率高 78%，而同时经历过这两种虐待的人阿片类药物滥用的几率高出两倍。这些虐待类型的个体和综合影响对女性来说更高。例如，遭受性虐待的女性青少年滥用阿片类药物的几率是遭受性虐待的男性的 2.7 倍。

 结论

通过将身体虐待和性虐待纳入风险评估并按性别定制评估，可以改善干预工作。