ABSTRACT

This study characterized the factors associated with body image perception among quilombola and non-quilombola adolescents in a semi-arid rural area in the State of Bahia, Brazil. The sample consisted of 390 adolescents (167 quilombola and 223 non-quilombola). Sociodemographic and economic, family, and social context, and weight control variables were analyzed. Body image perception was evaluated through descriptive analysis. The hierarchical entry of variables, comparing the models by Akaike’s information criteria was adopted. Of the total, 28.2% of the rural adolescents considered themselves very thin/thin and 17.2% fat/very fat. Factors associated with an increased prevalence of distorted body image were weight-related behavior, female, incomplete family composition, loneliness, bullying, and a worse nutritional status. A lower prevalence of distorted body perception was observed among those adolescents attending school, residing in quilombola community, and physically active. Adolescents showed no body image distortion concerning the nutritional status and weight-related behavior, showing precision in body perception. The development of strategies that encourage greater sporting practice by rural adolescents is required to decrease body image distortion. Therefore, school is an essential tool for encouraging changes in habits and behaviors of these individuals.

摘要

本研究描述了巴西巴伊亚州半干旱农村地区的金球果和非金球果青少年的身体形象感知相关因素。样本由 390 名青少年组成（167 名金球果和 223 名非金球果）。分析了社会人口和经济、家庭和社会背景以及体重控制变量。通过描述性分析评估身体形象感知。采用变量分层输入法，通过Akaike的信息准则对模型进行比较。其中，28.2%的农村青少年认为自己很瘦/很瘦，17.2%认为自己很胖/很胖。与扭曲的身体形象患病率增加相关的因素是与体重相关的行为、女性、不完整的家庭组成、孤独、欺凌和较差的营养状况。在居住在quilombola的那些上学的青少年中观察到扭曲的身体知觉的发生率较低社区和身体活动。青少年在营养状况和体重相关行为方面没有表现出身体形象失真，显示出身体感知的精确性。需要制定鼓励农村青少年进行更多体育锻炼的战略，以减少身体形象失真。因此，学校是鼓励这些人改变习惯和行为的重要工具。