Attachment theory is useful, but per se it may not be sufficient to understand the complexity of human relationships. For this reason, we believe that there is the need to refer to a broader (evolutionary theory of motivation; Liotti, Psychoanal Inquiry 37(5):319–331, 2017 ) that considers normal functioning as the result of the harmonious activation of various motivational systems, each aimed at achieving an objective of high evolutionary value (adaptive for the individual, the social group, and the species). In this approach, pathology results from the disharmonious and dysfunctional activation of one or more motivational systems. This leads to a theory of care aimed at modulating the maladaptive activation of motivational systems by recognizing each patient’s dysfunctional interpersonal schemas and restoring his ability to function in more flexible ways. Motivational monitoring allows us to recognize impasses/ruptures within the therapeutic alliance and effectively use interventions to restore it. It may enhance patients’ emotional regulation and the interpersonal attunement between patient and therapist, reducing the risk of dropouts and leading to better therapeutic outcomes.

中文翻译：

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动机监测：如何识别破裂和僵局并增强人际协调

依恋理论很有用，但它本身可能不足以理解人际关系的复杂性。出于这个原因，我们认为有必要参考更广泛的（动机的进化理论；Liotti，Psychoanal Inquiry 37(5):319–331, 2017 ），将正常功能视为各种和谐激活的结果。动机系统，每一个都旨在实现具有高进化价值的目标（适应个人、社会群体和物种）。在这种方法中，病理是由一个或多个动机系统的不和谐和功能失调的激活引起的。这导致了一种护理理论，旨在通过识别每个患者功能失调的人际关系模式并恢复他以更灵活的方式运作的能力来调节动机系统的适应不良激活。动机监测使我们能够识别治疗联盟内的僵局/破裂，并有效地使用干预措施来恢复它。它可以增强患者的情绪调节和患者与治疗师之间的人际协调，降低辍学风险并带来更好的治疗效果。