The paper investigates phenomenology’s possibilities to describe, reflect and critically analyse political and legal orders. It presents a “toolbox” of methodological reflections, tools and topics, by relating to the classics of the tradition and to the emerging movement of “critical phenomenology,” as well as by touching upon current issues such as experiences of rightlessness, experiences in the digital lifeworld, and experiences of the public sphere. It is argued that phenomenology provides us with a dynamic methodological framework that emphasizes correlational, co-constitutional, and interrelational structures, and thus pays attention to modes of givenness, the making and unmaking of “world,” and, thereby, the inter/subjective, affective, and bodily constitution of meaning. In the case of political and legal orders, questions of power, exclusion, and normativity are central issues. By looking at “best practice” models such as Hannah Arendt’s analyses, the paper points out an analytical tool and flexible framework of “spaces of meaning” that phenomenologists can use and modify as they go along. In the current debates on political and legal issues, the author sees the main task of phenomenology to reclaim experience as world-building and world-opening, also in a normative sense, and to demonstrate how structures and orders are lived while they condition and form spaces of meaning. If we want to understand, criticize, act, or change something, this subjective and intersubjective perspective will remain indispensable.

本文研究了现象学描述，反映和批判性分析政治和法律秩序的可能性。它通过与传统经典和新兴的“批判现象学”运动相关，并涉及当前的问题，例如无权经历，在世界范围内的经历，提出了一种方法论思考，工具和主题的“工具箱”。数字生活世界，以及公共领域的体验。有人认为，现象学为我们提供了一个动态的方法论框架，该框架强调了相关的，合宪的和相互关系的结构，从而关注了给定的模式，“世界”的建立与消亡，从而关注了主体间/主体间的关系。 ，情感和身体的意义构成。就政治和法律命令而言，关于权力的问题，排他性和规范性是中心问题。通过研究诸如汉娜·阿伦特（Hannah Arendt）分析之类的“最佳实践”模型，本文指出了现象学家可以使用和修改的“意义空间”的分析工具和灵活框架。在当前有关政治和法律问题的辩论中，作者认为现象学的主要任务是从规范的意义上将经验作为世界的建设和世界的开放来重新获得，并证明结构和秩序是如何形成的。在他们调节并形成意义空间的同时生活。如果我们想理解，批评，采取行动或改变某些事物，那么这种主观和主体间的观点将仍然是必不可少的。