Although literature on energy cooperation highlights that cooperation is more successful at the regional level, it largely fails to understand and conceptualize energy cooperation as part of the wider phenomenon of regionalism. Energy cooperation tends to be analyzed through prisms of security and geopolitics, thus, downplaying other important regional integration processes. The present paper addresses this lacuna, defining energy regionalism and conceptualizing its various dimensions, logics, motivations, and interests. We apply a comparative perspective, examining two regions which exhibit extensive energy cooperation yet differ in several ways: North America and the European Energy Community. Our findings suggest various trajectories and models, and indicate that formal institutionalization is neither a necessary condition for nor a guarantee of strong energy regionalism. We discern that regional anchor is key in North American and European energy regionalism.

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比较能源区域主义：北美和欧洲能源共同体

尽管有关能源合作的文献强调区域层面的合作更为成功，但它在很大程度上未能将能源合作理解和概念化为更广泛的区域主义现象的一部分。能源合作往往通过安全和地缘政治的角度来分析，从而淡化了其他重要的区域一体化进程。本文解决了这一缺陷，定义了能源区域主义并概念化了其各种维度、逻辑、动机和利益。我们采用比较的视角，研究了两个表现出广泛能源合作但在几个方面存在差异的地区：北美和欧洲能源共同体。我们的研究结果提出了各种轨迹和模式，并表明正式制度化既不是强大的能源区域主义的必要条件，也不是其保证。我们认为，区域支柱是北美和欧洲能源区域主义的关键。