Why have Central American states been able to deliver public goods in the energy sector when most experiences of energy regionalism in Latin American have run into deadlock? Through process-tracing the different factors that transformed the Central American Electric System (SIEPAC) from a policy-idea into a fully operative supranational market, this article finds that the Interamerican Development Bank was the orchestrator of governments, national utilities, and extra-regional state and market actors resulting in the production of energy infrastructure and improved energy security for Central American countries. Through three mechanisms—brokering, agenda-setting, and assistance—the Interamerican Development Bank kept the cooperation agenda ongoing despite coordination problems and member states' divergent preferences. The article concludes that regional development banks are particularly well-suited orchestrators of highly technical regionalism initiatives, such as energy integration, because they combine the input-legitimacy of an intergovernmental organization, the know-how of an epistemic community, and the resources of a bank. More research is needed to compare the role of various regional development banks in regionalism initiatives in the global South.

中文翻译：

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协调区域主义：美洲开发银行和中美洲电力系统

为什么在拉丁美洲能源区域主义的大部分经验都陷入僵局的情况下，中美洲国家却能够在能源领域提供公共产品？通过追踪将中美洲电力系统 (SIEPAC) 从政策理念转变为全面运作的超国家市场的不同因素，本文发现美洲开发银行是政府、国家公用事业和区域外企业的协调者。国家和市场参与者促进了能源基础设施的建设并改善了中美洲国家的能源安全。尽管存在协调问题和成员国偏好不同，但美洲开发银行通过斡旋、议程设定和援助这三种机制，使合作议程得以持续进行。文章的结论是，区域开发银行特别适合协调能源一体化等高技术性区域主义举措，因为它们结合了政府间组织的投入合法性、认知界的专业知识以及社区的资源。银行。需要更多的研究来比较不同区域开发银行在全球南方区域主义倡议中的作用。