Corporatization, the conversion of state-owned enterprises into semi-autonomous, legally independent entities, has gained in popularity internationally since the 1980s. This review suggests that usage of the term has become entangled with other definitions of corporatization, and other organizational reforms associated with new public management, and appears consequently to have lost its distinctiveness in many contemporary studies of corporatization. Through a scoping review of literature on corporatization of healthcare organizations internationally, we develop a typology of four perspectives on corporatization (as managerialism of medical work, as institutional level reform to encourage market-like behavior, as corporate governance implications of legal independence, and as private sector colonization) and analyze the specific processes, impacts, and mediators associated with each approach. This typology can aid conceptual clarity in future research on corporatization and orient practitioners to particular management and policy questions within the complex field of reform signified by this term.

中文翻译：

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国际医疗保健组织的公司化：过程、影响和中介的范围审查

自 1980 年代以来，公司化（将国有企业转变为半自治的、合法独立的实体）在国际上广受欢迎。这篇评论表明，该术语的使用已经与公司化的其他定义以及与新公共管理相关的其他组织改革纠缠在一起，因此在许多当代公司化研究中似乎已经失去了其独特性。通过对国际上有关医疗保健组织公司化的文献进行范围审查，我们开发了一种关于公司化的四种观点类型学（作为医疗工作的管理主义，作为鼓励类似市场行为的制度层面改革，作为法律独立的公司治理影响，以及作为私营部门殖民化）并分析具体过程，影响，以及与每种方法相关的中介。这种类型学有助于在未来关于公司化的研究中明确概念，并使从业者了解该术语所指的复杂改革领域内的特定管理和政策问题。