This article examines the role of Latvian ethnic nationalism in the transformation of Lithuanian nationalism from a civic to ethnic form during the long 19th century. In particular, the present article aims to clarify the differences between the Lithuanian and Latvian models of national identity in the initial phases of their national movements and to analyse how the Latvian example influenced Lithuanian nationalism. The Latvian model of nationalism, which spread to the Lithuanian context through communication among prominent intellectuals of the national movements at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries, contributed to the central positioning of an ethnolinguistic identity within the Lithuanian national movement. This article provides compelling evidence that it is relatively easy to transition from civic to ethnic nationalism over a longer time period when the main dimensions of national identity have undergone radical change.

中文翻译：

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拉脱维亚民族主义在19世纪漫长的立陶宛民族主义转变中的作用

本文探讨了拉脱维亚民族主义在19世纪漫长的立陶宛民族主义从公民形式向种族形式转变中的作用。特别是，本文旨在阐明立陶宛和拉脱维亚民族认同模式在民族运动初期的差异，并分析拉脱维亚的榜样如何影响立陶宛民族主义。拉脱维亚的民族主义模式在19世纪末至20世纪初通过民族运动的杰出知识分子之间的交流而传播到立陶宛语境，这为立陶宛民族运动中的民族语言身份的中心定位做出了贡献。