In Emile, Rousseau claims that the value of women ought to be determined by the opinion that men have of them. Women, contrary to commodities and men, escape what I call Rousseau's “dual theory of value.” According to the latter, the apparent value of commodities and men is determined by opinion and either unrelated or inverse to “real value,” which is assessed through objective criteria. The dual theory of value is the basis of Rousseau's critique of commercial society. However, women warrant an exception to this theory. As women's apparent worth is their real worth, women are the unique object in the world that ought to be subjected to the rule of opinion, which is the rule of commercial market that Rousseau so violently rejects. This article investigates why this is the case and locates three functions to the unique position of women in Rousseau's theory of value.

中文翻译：

---

卢梭的价值理论与女性案例

在埃米尔，卢梭声称女性的价值应该由男性对她们的看法决定。与商品和男性相反，女性逃避了我所说的卢梭的“双重价值理论”。根据后者，商品和人的表观价值是由意见决定的，与通过客观标准评估的“实际价值”无关或相反。二元价值论是卢梭对商业社会批判的基础。然而，女性保证这一理论的例外。由于女性的表观价值就是她们的真实价值，所以女性是世界上唯一应该服从意见规则的对象，而这正是卢梭如此强烈反对的商业市场规则。