This paper introduces the first results of the joint Omani‐Italian archaeological project at Wādī Banī Ḫālid (northern Šarqiyyah governorate, eastern al‐Ḥaǧar), where a dense Iron Age and ancient Islamic occupation was detected. The aim of the project is the definition of the Iron Age settlement patterns along the eastern al‐Ḥaǧar landscape and its relationship with both the coastal areas and the al‐Ḥaǧar inner piedmont sites of central Oman. In fact, this project follows previous studies of the coastal environment between Muscat and Raʾs al‐Ḥadd, where several seasonal fishermen villages were investigated, and their connections with inner permanent sites, such as Lizq, recognised during the Early Iron Age II (1300–600 BCE). Therefore, Wādī Banī Ḫālid stands as a peculiar case of an Iron Age territorial unit, a natural scenario made of a narrow alluvial valley which provided natural conditions for the development of a complex culture. Moreover, the material culture emerged after a first excavation campaign proved that the main occupational phase of the imposing fortified settlement WBK1 is the Late Iron Age (late first millennium BCE to third–fourth centuries CE), thus hopefully allowing new questions to be posed for the definition of Late Iron Age cultures and the chronology in central Oman, which is mostly known based on the excavation of funerary evidence. For this reason, the first part of the paper focuses on the results of the first season in Wādī Banī Ḫālid, and the second part discusses the links between Wādī Banī Ḫālid and the south‐eastern Arabia general framework during the Late Iron Age.

中文翻译：

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瓦迪·巴尼沙里德（WādīBanīsettlementālid）的铁器时代晚期定居点：阿曼-意大利联合考古项目的第一季

本文介绍了WādīBanīḪālid（北萨尔奇亚省北部，萨尔省东部）的阿曼-意大利联合考古项目的初步结果，该地区发现了密集的铁器时代和古老的伊斯兰占领。该项目的目的是定义沿阿拉法尔东部景观的铁器时代定居模式及其与阿曼中部沿海地区和阿拉法尔内山麓地带的关系。实际上，该项目是根据之前对马斯喀特和拉沙尔德勒阿德阿德（Ra coastals al-add）之间的沿海环境进行的研究而进行的，那里调查了几个季节性渔民村落，并确定了其与内部永久性遗址（如利兹克）的联系，并在第二次铁器时代（1300-公元前600年）。因此，瓦迪·巴尼沙里德（WādīBanīḪālid）是铁器时代领土单位的特例，由狭窄的冲积山谷构成的自然场景，为复杂文化的发展提供了自然条件。此外，在第一次发掘运动之后出现的物质文化证明，强固的定居点WBK1的主要职业阶段是铁器时代晚期（公元前一千年后至公元三至四世纪），因此希望可以提出新的问题。铁器时代晚期的文化定义和阿曼中部的年代，这是根据挖掘出的丧葬证据而广为人知的。因此，本文的第一部分着眼于WādīBanīḪālid的第一季度的结果，第二部分讨论了WādīBanīḪālid与铁器时代晚期东南阿拉伯总体框架之间的联系。