Background/Objective ‘Third-wave’ psychotherapies have shown effectiveness for treating psychopathological symptoms such as anxiety and depression. There is burgeoning interest in examining how these therapies’ core constructs produce their therapeutic benefits. This study explores the hypothetical mediating effect of resilience in the impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depressive symptoms. Method: Cross-sectional study design. The sample consisted of 860 Spanish general population participants. The measures included the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-12), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS). Bivariate correlations were calculated, and path analysis models were performed. Results: Significant correlations were found between the study variables, always in the expected direction (all p values <.001). The path analysis models showed significant direct effects of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression symptoms, but the only significant indirect effects through resilience were found on depression (MAAS: β = -.05, 95% CI = -.11 to -.02; SCS-12: β = -.06, 95% CI = -.33 to -.07). Conclusions: Resilience might partially mediate the effect of mindfulness and self-compassion on depression, but not on anxiety.

背景/目的“第三波”心理治疗已显示出治疗焦虑和抑郁等心理病理症状的有效性。人们越来越有兴趣研究这些疗法的核心结构如何产生其治疗效果。本研究探讨了复原力在正念和自我慈悲对焦虑和抑郁症状影响中的假设中介作用。方法：横断面研究设计。样本由 860 名西班牙普通人群参与者组成。这些测量包括正念注意力意识量表（MAAS）、自我慈悲量表（SCS-12）、康纳戴维森弹性量表（CD-RISC）和戈德堡焦虑和抑郁量表（GADS）。计算双变量相关性，并进行路径分析模型。结果：研究变量之间存在显着相关性，且始终处于预期方向（所有p值 <.001）。路径分析模型显示正念和自我慈悲对焦虑和抑郁症状有显着的直接影响，但通过复原力唯一显着的间接影响是对抑郁症的影响（MAAS：β = -.05，95% CI = -.11 至 - .02；SCS-12：β = -.06，95% CI = -.33 至 -.07）。结论：复原力可能部分介导正念和自我慈悲对抑郁的影响，但对焦虑没有影响。