Background: Hepatocellular malignant neoplasm, not otherwise specified (HEM, NOS), is a rare liver tumor that is most commonly seen in adolescents. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no published review on this rare tumor in the English literature so far. Summary: In this review, we will discuss all reported details, including demographic findings, clinical presentations, molecular histogenesis, imaging, gross pathology and histopathology, immunohistochemical findings, treatment modalities, and outcome, of the published cases of HEM, NOS, in the liver. Key Message: Twenty-two cases of HEM, NOS, have been reported in the last 10 years in the English literature. This tumor produces a large liver mass and is characteristically seen in adolescents presenting with right upper quadrant pain. Histologically, HEM, NOS, is a nonbiliary hepatocytic tumor with a biphasic pattern, that is, a mixture of 2 components of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma (HBL). There is no characteristic immunohistochemical feature for this tumor. Imaging findings are also not specific. Treatment of this tumor needs extensive surgery or even liver transplantation. Most of the cases in the literature were treated with the primary diagnosis of HBL, so pathologists, onco-surgeons, and oncologists should get familiar with this tumor to provide better treatment options. More case series with more follow-ups are necessary for the definite determination of the outcome of this tumor as a unique entity.
Gastrointest Tumors

中文翻译：

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肝细胞恶性肿瘤，未另作说明：肝肿瘤的新名称：已发表病例的简要叙述回顾

背景：肝细胞恶性肿瘤，未另作说明（HEM，NOS），是一种罕见的肝脏肿瘤，最常见于青少年。据我们所知，迄今为止，英语文献中还没有关于这种罕见肿瘤的评论发表。总结：在这篇综述中，我们将讨论所有报告的细节，包括人口学发现、临床表现、分子组织发生、影像学、大体病理学和组织病理学、免疫组织化学发现、治疗方式和结果，在已发表的 HEM、NOS 病例中，肝。关键信息：在过去的 10 年中，英语文献报道了 22 例 HEM、NOS。这种肿瘤会产生一个大的肝脏肿块，典型地见于出现右上腹疼痛的青少年。在组织学上，HEM，NOS，是一种具有双相模式的非胆道肝细胞肿瘤，即肝细胞癌和肝母细胞瘤 (HBL) 两种成分的混合物。这种肿瘤没有特征性的免疫组织化学特征。影像学发现也不是特定的。这种肿瘤的治疗需要广泛的手术甚至肝移植。文献中的大多数病例均以 HBL 的初步诊断进行治疗，因此病理学家、肿瘤外科医生和肿瘤学家应该熟悉这种肿瘤，以提供更好的治疗选择。
胃肠道肿瘤