Abstract

This study employs descriptive and regression analyses of the National Sports and Society Survey (N = 3,993) to examine the patterns and implications of sexual stigma and prejudice in sports contexts by focusing on U.S. adults’ reports of sports-related mistreatment and involvement. Results indicate that about 1/3 of adults perceive sports as unwelcoming to LGBT athletes and nearly 40% report experiencing sports-related mistreatment; adults who identify as a sexual minority are particularly likely to perceive sports as unwelcoming and to report personal mistreatment. They are also less likely than self-identified heterosexuals to play, spectate, and talk about sports; sports-related mistreatment and childhood sports histories do not explain these patterns. Overall, the findings suggest that more action is needed to offset the presence and influence of sexual stigma and prejudice and to provide more welcoming sports environments for all.

摘要

本研究采用了国家体育和社会调查（N = 3,993）通过关注美国成年人有关体育相关虐待和参与的报告，研究体育背景下性耻辱和偏见的模式和影响。结果表明，约 1/3 的成年人认为 LGBT 运动员不欢迎体育运动，近 40% 的人表示经历过与体育运动相关的虐待；被认为是性少数的成年人特别有可能认为体育运动不受欢迎并报告个人虐待。他们也不像自认为是异性恋的人那样去玩耍、观看和谈论体育运动；与体育有关的虐待和儿童时期的体育史并不能解释这些模式。总体而言，研究结果表明，需要采取更多行动来抵消性耻辱和偏见的存在和影响，并为所有人提供更受欢迎的体育环境。