An influential view in (philosophy of) cognitive science is that computation in cognitive systems is semantic, conceptually depending on representation: to compute is to manipulate representations. I argue that accepting the non-semantic teleomechanistic view of computation lays the ground for a promising alternative strategy, in which computation helps to explain and naturalise representation, rather than the other way around. I show that this computation-based approach to representation presents six decisive advantages over the semantic view. I claim that it can improve the two most influential current theories of representation, teleosemantics and structural representation, by providing them with precious tools to tackle some of their main shortcomings. In addition, the computation-based approach opens up interesting new theoretical paths for the project of naturalising representation, in which teleology plays a role in individuating computations, but not representations.

认知科学（哲学）的一个有影响力的观点是，认知系统中的计算是语义的，在概念上取决于表示：计算是操纵表示。我认为，接受非语义远心计算理论为有前途的替代策略奠定了基础，在替代策略中，计算有助于解释和归纳表示形式，而不是相反。我表明，这种基于计算的表示方法比语义视图具有六个决定性的优势。我声称，它可以通过为它们提供解决某些主要缺点的宝贵工具来改进当前两种最有影响力的表示理论，即远程语义学和结构表示。此外，