ABSTRACT

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive retinal disease that degrades the eye’s ability to grasp visual acuity. The antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies have made significant strides in improving the quality of life, and there is a continued opportunity to improve delivery, outcomes, and patient convenience and compliance. The treatments available could gain better clinical outcome from novel therapeutics through nanotechnology application.

Areas covered: This review summarizes AMD biology and the pathophysiology of the disease along with the successes and limitations of available therapies. It further discusses the promising nanotechnology modalities that could become the cornerstone of future AMD research for improving delivery and reducing frequency of administration thus, enabling development of novel therapeutics.

Expert opinion: The robust translation from preclinical work to clinical outcome for AMD remains an unmet need. Continuing to investigate in deeper understanding of biology and advancing high-quality targets into the clinic in combination with the application of advanced nanotechnology to design patient-centric offerings for both dry and wet AMD is needed. Because of the lack of regulatory precedence, and challenging manufacturing and supply chain need, the future of nano-enabled technologies is challenging but presents exciting treatment options for AMD.

摘要

简介： 年龄相关性黄斑变性 (AMD) 是一种进行性视网膜疾病，会降低眼睛掌握视力的能力。抗血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) 疗法在改善生活质量方面取得了重大进展，并且仍有机会改善交付、结果以及患者的便利性和依从性。现有的治疗方法可以通过纳米技术应用从新疗法中获得更好的临床结果。

涵盖的领域：本综述总结了 AMD 生物学和该疾病的病理生理学，以及可用疗法的成功和局限性。它还进一步讨论了有前途的纳米技术模式，这些模式可能成为未来 AMD 研究的基石，以改善递送和降低给药频率，从而促进新疗法的开发。

专家意见：从临床前工作到 AMD 临床结果的有力转化仍然是一个未满足的需求。需要继续深入研究生物学，将高质量目标推进临床，并结合先进纳米技术的应用，为干性和湿性 AMD 设计以患者为中心的产品。由于缺乏监管优先权以及具有挑战性的制造和供应链需求，纳米技术的未来充满挑战，但为 AMD 提供了令人兴奋的治疗选择。