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Extreme Precipitation Across Adjacent Burned and Unburned Watersheds Reveals Impacts of Low Severity Wildfire on Debris‐Flow Processes
Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-10 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jf005997
Luke A. McGuire 1 , Ann M. Youberg 2 , Francis K. Rengers 3 , Nathan S. Abramson 1 , Indujaa Ganesh 4 , Alex N. Gorr 1 , Olivia Hoch 1 , Justin C. Johnson 5 , Patt Lamom 1 , Alexander B. Prescott 1 , Jessica Zanetell 6 , Brendan Fenerty 1
Affiliation  

In steep landscapes, wildfire‐induced changes to soil and vegetation can lead to extreme and hazardous geomorphic responses, including debris flows. The wildfire‐induced mechanisms that lead to heightened geomorphic responses, however, depend on many site‐specific factors including regional climate, vegetation, soil texture, and soil burn severity. As climate and land use change drive changes in fire regime, there is an increasing need to understand how fire alters geomorphic responses, particularly in areas where fire has been historically infrequent. Here, we examine differences in the initiation, magnitude, and particle‐size distribution of debris flows that initiated within the area burned by the 2019 Woodbury Fire in central Arizona, USA, and those that initiated in a nearby unburned area. Despite similar rainfall intensities, unburned watersheds were less likely to produce debris flows. Debris flows in unburned areas initiated from both runoff and shallow landslides, while debris flows only initiated from runoff‐related processes in the burned area. The grain‐size distribution making up the matrix of debris‐flow deposits within the burned area generally had a lower ratio of sand to silt relative to debris flows that initiated in the unburned area, though there were no systematic differences in the coarse fraction of debris‐flow sediment between burned and unburned areas. Results help expand our ability to predict postwildfire debris‐flow activity in a wider range of settings, specifically the Sonoran Desert ecoregion, and provide general insight into the impact of wildfire on geomorphic processes in steep terrain.

中文翻译:

邻近燃烧和未燃烧流域的极端降水揭示了低烈度野火对泥石流过程的影响

在陡峭的景观中,野火引起的土壤和植被变化会导致极端危险的地貌反应,包括泥石流。但是,由野火引起的导致较高地貌响应的机制取决于许多特定地点的因素,包括区域气候,植被,土壤质地和土壤烧伤严重性。随着气候和土地用途的变化驱动着火情的变化,人们越来越需要了解火如何改变地貌响应,特别是在历史上很少发生火的地区。在这里,我们检查了由美国亚利桑那州中部2019年伍德伯里大火燃烧的区域内引发的泥石流的起始,大小和粒径分布的差异,以及附近未燃烧区域引发的泥石流的起始,量级和粒径分布的差异。尽管降雨强度相似,未燃烧的集水区不太可能产生泥石流。在径流和浅层滑坡中引发的未燃烧区域中的泥石流,而泥石流仅在燃烧区域中与径流相关的过程中引发。相对于未燃烧区域产生的泥石流,构成燃烧区域内泥石流沉积物基质的粒度分布通常具有较低的沙泥比。在燃烧区域和未燃烧区域之间流动沉积物。结果有助于扩大我们在更广泛的环境中(尤其是索诺兰沙漠生态区)预测野火后泥石流活动的能力,并提供有关野火对陡峭地形地貌过程的影响的一般见解。在径流和浅层滑坡中引发的未燃烧区域中的泥石流,而泥石流仅在燃烧区域中与径流相关的过程中引发。相对于未燃烧区域产生的泥石流,构成燃烧区域内泥石流沉积物基质的粒度分布通常具有较低的沙泥比。在燃烧区域和未燃烧区域之间流动沉积物。结果有助于扩大我们在更广泛的环境中(尤其是索诺兰沙漠生态区)预测野火后泥石流活动的能力,并提供有关野火对陡峭地形地貌过程的影响的一般见解。在径流和浅层滑坡中引发的未燃烧区域中的泥石流,而泥石流仅在燃烧区域中与径流相关的过程中引发。相对于未燃烧区域产生的泥石流,构成燃烧区域内泥石流沉积物基质的粒度分布通常具有较低的沙泥比。在燃烧区域和未燃烧区域之间流动沉积物。结果有助于扩大我们在更广泛的环境中(尤其是索诺兰沙漠生态区)预测野火后泥石流活动的能力,并提供有关野火对陡峭地形地貌过程的影响的一般见解。而泥石流仅来自燃烧区径流相关过程。相对于未燃烧区域产生的泥石流,构成燃烧区域内泥石流沉积物基质的粒度分布通常具有较低的沙泥比。在燃烧区域和未燃烧区域之间流动沉积物。结果有助于扩大我们在更广泛的环境中(尤其是索诺兰沙漠生态区)预测野火后泥石流活动的能力,并提供有关野火对陡峭地形地貌过程的影响的一般见解。而泥石流仅来自燃烧区径流相关过程。相对于未燃烧区域产生的泥石流,构成燃烧区域内泥石流沉积物基质的粒度分布通常具有较低的沙泥比。在燃烧区域和未燃烧区域之间流动沉积物。结果有助于扩大我们在更广泛的环境中(尤其是索诺兰沙漠生态区)预测野火后泥石流活动的能力,并提供有关野火对陡峭地形地貌过程的影响的一般见解。相对于未燃烧区域产生的泥石流,构成燃烧区域内泥石流沉积物基质的粒度分布通常具有较低的沙泥比。在燃烧区域和未燃烧区域之间流动沉积物。结果有助于扩大我们在更广泛的环境中(尤其是索诺兰沙漠生态区)预测野火后泥石流活动的能力,并提供有关野火对陡峭地形地貌过程的影响的一般见解。相对于未燃烧区域产生的泥石流,构成燃烧区域内泥石流沉积物基质的粒度分布通常具有较低的沙泥比。在燃烧区域和未燃烧区域之间流动沉积物。结果有助于扩大我们在更广泛的环境中(尤其是索诺兰沙漠生态区)预测野火后泥石流活动的能力,并提供有关野火对陡峭地形地貌过程的影响的一般见解。
更新日期:2021-04-06
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