Hypertension is the most prevalent chronic disease and a risk factor for various diseases. Although its mechanisms and therapies are constantly being updated and developed, they are still not fully clarified. In recent years, novel gut microbiota and its metabolites have attracted widespread attention. It is strongly linked with physiological and pathological systems, especially TMA and TMAO. TMA is formed by intestinal microbial metabolism of choline and l-carnitine and converted into TMAO by FMO3. This paper collected and collated the latest researches and mainly discussed the following four parts. It introduced gut microbiota; provided a focus on TMA, TMA-producing bacteria, and TMAO; summarized the alternations in hypertensive patients and animals; discussed the mechanisms of TMAO with two respects; and summarized the regulatory factors may be as new interventions and therapies of hypertension. And, more relevant studies are still prospected to be accomplished between hypertension and TMA/TMAO for further clinical services.

高血压是最普遍的慢性疾病，也是各种疾病的危险因素。尽管其机制和疗法不断更新和发展，但仍未完全阐明。近年来，新型肠道菌群及其代谢产物引起了广泛关注。它与生理和病理系统密切相关，尤其是 TMA 和 TMAO。TMA 是由肠道微生物代谢胆碱和l-肉碱并通过 FMO3 转化为 TMAO。本文收集整理了最新的研究成果,主要讨论了以下四个部分。它引入了肠道微生物群；提供了对 TMA、产生 TMA 的细菌和 TMAO 的关注；总结了高血压患者和动物的变化；从两个方面讨论了TMAO的机制；并总结调节因素可能为高血压的新干预和治疗方法。并且，仍有待在高血压和 TMA/TMAO 之间完成更多相关研究，以用于进一步的临床服务。