The effect of cold rolling and post-rolling heat treatment on the microstructural and electrochemical properties of the 316L stainless steel was investigated. Two-pass and four-pass cold-rolled stainless steel specimens were heat-treated by annealing at 900°C followed by quenching in water. During the cold rolling, the microstructure of the as-received specimen transformed from austenite to strain-induced α’-martensite due to significant plastic deformation that also resulted in significant grain elongation (i.e., ∼33% and 223% increases in the grain elongation after two and four rolling passes, respectively). The hardness of the heat-treated as-received specimen decreased from HV 190 to 146 due to the recovery and recrystallization of the austenite grain structure. The cyclic polarization scans of the as-rolled and heat-treated specimens were obtained in 0.9wt% NaCl solution. The pitting potential of the four-pass rolled specimen was significantly increased from 322.3 to 930.5 mV after post-rolling heat treatment. The beneficial effect of the heat treatment process was evident from ∼10-times-lower corrosion current density and two-orders-of-magnitude-lower passive current density of the heat-treated specimens compared with those of the as-rolled specimens. Similarly, appreciably lower corrosion rate (3.302 × 10⁻⁴ mm/a) and higher pitting resistance (1115.5 mV) were exhibited by the post-rolled heat-treated specimens compared with the as-rolled 316L stainless steel specimens.

研究了冷轧和后轧热处理对316L不锈钢组织和电化学性能的影响。通过在900°C退火，然后在水中淬火，对两道次和四道次冷轧不锈钢试样进行热处理。在冷轧过程中，试样的显微组织从奥氏体转变为应变诱导的α。马氏体由于显着的塑性变形而导致明显的晶粒伸长（即在两次和四个轧制道次后，晶粒伸长分别增加了约33％和223％）。热处理后的试样的硬度由于奥氏体晶粒结构的恢复和再结晶而从HV 190降低到146。在0.9wt％的NaCl溶液中获得轧制和热处理样品的循环极化扫描图。轧制后热处理后，四道次轧制试样的点蚀电位从322.3显着提高至930.5 mV。与热处理后的试样相比，热处理后的试样的腐蚀电流密度降低了约10倍，被动电流密度降低了约2个数量级，从而降低了热处理工艺的有益效果。同样，腐蚀速率明显降低（3.302×10与轧制后的316L不锈钢试样相比，轧制后的热处理试样显示出^-4 mm / a和更高的抗点蚀性（1115.5 mV）。