Objectives:

The objective of this review is to provide a systematic and critical summary of findings regarding empirical studies conducted on commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) in Europe. The purpose is to gain an understanding of the characteristics and main topics addressed in European research on CSEC, identify gaps, and give suggestions for future studies.

Method:

The review was guided by the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis—Protocols”. A comprehensive search on several databases was conducted to identify published and unpublished empirical research on CSEC in Europe, revealing 3,846 documents. In total, 56 research papers that focused specifically on CSEC in European samples were included.

Synthesis:

Research concerning European studies of CSEC and trafficking for purposes of sexual exploitation has developed significantly over the last 20 years but is still rather limited and mainly focused on the UK and Sweden. Most of the studies reviewed suffer from important methodological flaws such as an inaccurate definition of the phenomenon analyzed, small and convenience samples, and nonvalidated and nonspecific instruments.

Conclusions:

Findings from this study demonstrate the need for greater exploration and research around a number of areas of sexual exploitation of children in Europe. Further work is necessary in terms of capacity building, training, and awareness-raising for society as a whole and, specifically, professionals providing direct support to children and young people at risk of exploitation.

中文翻译：

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欧洲儿童和青少年的商业性剥削：系统回顾

目标：

本综述的目的是对欧洲对儿童的商业性性剥削 (CSEC) 进行的实证研究结果进行系统和批判性总结。目的是了解欧洲 CSEC 研究的特点和主要主题，找出差距，并为未来的研究提出建议。

方法：

审查以“系统审查和荟萃分析的首选报告项目——方案”为指导。对几个数据库进行了全面搜索，以确定已发表和未发表的欧洲 CSEC 实证研究，揭示了 3,846 份文件。总共包括 56 篇专门针对欧洲样本中的 CSEC 的研究论文。

合成：

在过去 20 年中，关于欧洲对 CSEC 和以性剥削为目的贩运的研究取得了显着发展，但仍然相当有限，主要集中在英国和瑞典。大多数被审查的研究都存在重要的方法学缺陷，例如对所分析现象的定义不准确、样本小且方便，以及未经验证和非特异性的仪器。

结论：

这项研究的结果表明，需要围绕欧洲儿童性剥削的许多领域进行更多的探索和研究。有必要在能力建设、培训和提高整个社会的意识方面开展进一步的工作，特别是为面临剥削风险的儿童和年轻人提供直接支持的专业人员。