Generating intense ultrashort pulses with high-quality spatial modes is crucial for ultrafast and strong-field science and can be achieved by nonlinear supercontinuum generation (SCG) and pulse compression. In this work, we propose that the generation of quasi-stationary solitons in periodic layered Kerr media can greatly enhance the nonlinear light-matter interaction and fundamentally improve the performance of SCG and pulse compression in condensed media. With both experimental and theoretical studies, we successfully identify these solitary modes and reveal their unified condition for stability. Space-time coupling is shown to strongly influence the stability of solitons, leading to variations in the spectral, spatial and temporal profiles of femtosecond pulses. Taking advantage of the unique characteristics of these solitary modes, we first demonstrate single-stage SCG and the compression of femtosecond pulses from 170 to 22 fs with an efficiency >85%. The high spatiotemporal quality of the compressed pulses is further confirmed by high-harmonic generation. We also provide evidence of efficient mode self-cleaning, which suggests rich spatiotemporal self-organization of the laser beams in a nonlinear resonator. This work offers a route towards highly efficient, simple, stable and highly flexible SCG and pulse compression solutions for state-of-the-art ytterbium laser technology.

生成具有高质量空间模式的强超短脉冲对于超快和强场科学至关重要，并且可以通过非线性超连续谱生成（SCG）和脉冲压缩来实现。在这项工作中，我们建议在周期性分层Kerr介质中生成准平稳孤子可以大大增强非线性光-质相互作用，并从根本上改善冷凝介质中SCG和脉冲压缩的性能。通过实验和理论研究，我们成功地确定了这些孤立模式，并揭示了它们的稳定性的统一条件。时空耦合显示出强烈影响孤子的稳定性，从而导致飞秒脉冲的频谱，空间和时间轮廓发生变化。利用这些单独模式的独特特征，我们首先展示了单级SCG和飞秒脉冲从170到22 fs的压缩，效率> 85％。高次谐波的产生进一步证实了压缩脉冲的高时空质量。我们还提供了有效模式自清洁的证据，这表明了非线性谐振器中激光束的丰富时空自组织。这项工作为通往最先进的technology激光技术的高效，简单，稳定和高度灵活的SCG和脉冲压缩解决方案提供了一条途径。这表明非线性谐振器中激光束具有丰富的时空自组织性。这项工作为通往最先进的technology激光技术的高效，简单，稳定和高度灵活的SCG和脉冲压缩解决方案提供了一条途径。这表明非线性谐振器中激光束具有丰富的时空自组织性。这项工作为通往最先进的technology激光技术的高效，简单，稳定和高度灵活的SCG和脉冲压缩解决方案提供了一条途径。